Burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced fibrosis in a Texas Hispanic community cohort

Table 4 Univariable and multivariable analysis of the characteristics associated with fatty liver on ultrasound

	Univariable analysis			Multivariable analysis
Characteristics	OR	95%CI for OR	P value	OR1	95%CI for OR1	P value
Age (yr)	0.99	0.98-1.01	0.55
Male gender	0.81	0.55-1.21	0.31
BMI (kg/m2)	1.11	1.07-1.15	< 0.0001
Elevated ALT1	4.26	2.68-6.76	< 0.0001	4.04	2.50-6.52	< 0.0001
Elevated AST2	2.71	1.76-4.19	< 0.0001	2.63	1.67-4.13	< 0.0001
Albumin (g/dL)	1.26	0.65-2.45	0.49	2.29	1.07-4.88	0.03
Platelets (109/μL)	1.00	0.99-1.01	0.14	1.00	0.99-1.00	0.55
DM3	2.65	1.63-4.29	0.0001	2.22	1.31-3.77	0.003
Hypertension	1.37	0.93-2.01	0.11	1.18	0.72-1.82	0.45
Hyperglycemia	3.28	2.12-5.08	< 0.0001	2.87	1.78-4.61	< 0.0001
Hypertriglyceridemia	1.92	1.30-2.83	0.001	1.82	1.21-2.75	0.004
Low HDL-C	2.43	1.64-3.59	< 0.0001	1.93	1.28-2.93	0.002
Central obesity	4.47	2.80-7.13	< 0.0001	3.52	1.94-6.39	< 0.0001
Metabolic syndrome	3.73	2.52-5.53	< 0.0001	3.33	2.07-5.01	< 0.0001
NAFLD fibrosis score
< -1.455	1.00			1.00
-1.455-0.676	2.05	1.37-3.06	0.0005	1.83	1.10-3.04	0.02
> 0.676	1.14	0.53-2.46	0.74	0.58	0.22-1.56	0.28
FIB4 index
≤ 1.3	1.00			1.004
1.31-2.66	1.19	0.76-1.85	0.45	1.404	0.83-2.39	0.21
≥ 2.67	0.59	0.19-1.85	0.37	0.694	0.19-2.47	0.57
BARD
0-1	1.00			1.004
2- 4	1.03	0.70-1.52	0.87	1.004	0.65-1.52	0.99
APRI
≤ 0.5	1.00			1.004
0.51-1.5	2.52	1.47-4.32	0.0008	2.624	1.49-4.60	0.0008
> 1.5	-	-	-	-	-	-

¹ALT > 40 U/L for men and > 31 U/L for women;

²AST > 37 U/L for men and > 31 U/L for women;

³Either history of diabetes mellitus, use medication for diabetes mellitus, fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, or glycosylated hemoglobin A1C ≥ 6.5 g/dL;

⁴Adjusted for age, gender, and BMI. BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; APRI: AST to platelet ratio index; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.