Burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced fibrosis in a Texas Hispanic community cohort

Table 3 Comparison of the characteristics of participants with and without hepatic steatosis

Characteristics	Hepatic steatosis		P value
	Absent (n = 212)	Present (n = 230)
Age (yr)	49.5 ± 16.3	48.7 ± 12.0	0.6
Gender
Female	134 (63.2)	156 (67.8)
Male	78 (36.8)	74 (32.2)	0.3
BMI (kg/m2)	29.6 ± 6.1	32.9 ± 5.6	< 0.001
Elevated ALT1	31 (14.6)	97 (42.2)	< 0.001
Elevated AST2	40 (18.9)	89 (38.7)	< 0.001
Albumin (g/dL)	4.0 (3.8-4.2)	4.0 (3.9-4.2)	0.4
Platelets (109/μL)	237.5 (204.0-277.8)	251.0 (214.0-283.5)	0.1
DM3	29 (13.7)	68 (29.6)	< 0.001
Hypertension	72 (34.0)	95 (41.3)	0.1
Hyperglycemia	38 (17.9)	96 (41.7)	< 0.001
Hypertriglyceridemia	67 (31.6)	108 (47.0)	0.001
Low HDL-C	105 (49.5)	162 (70.4)	< 0.001
Central obesity	125 (59.0)	199 (86.5)	< 0.001
Metabolic syndrome	70 (33.0)	149 (64.8)	< 0.001
NAFLD Fibrosis Score
< -1.455	134 (63.2)	110 (47.8)
-1.455-0.676	63 (29.7)	106 (46.1)
> 0.676	15 (7.1)	14 (6.1)	0.002
FIB4 index
≤ 1.3	157 (74.1)	166 (72.2)
1.31-2.66	47 (22.2)	59 (25.7)
≥ 2.67	8 (3.8)	5 (2.2)	0.46
BARD
0-1	79 (37.3)	84 (36.5)
2-4	133 (62.7)	146 (63.5)	0.87
APRI
≤ 0.5	190 (89.6)	175 (76.1)
0.51-1.5	22 (10.2)	51 (22.2)
> 1.5	0 (0)	4 (1.7)	0.0024

Age and BMI are described as mean ± SD. Categorical variables are described as frequency (%).

¹ALT > 40 U/L for men and > 31 U/L for women;

²AST > 37 U/L for men and > 31 U/L for women;

³Either history of diabetes mellitus, use medication for diabetes mellitus, fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, or glycosylated hemoglobin A1C ≥ 6.5 g/dL;

⁴χ² with Yate’s correction is computed. BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; APRI: AST to platelet ratio index; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.