Intravenous immunoglobulins in liver transplant patients: Perspectives of clinical immune modulation

Table 3 Clinical data of prognostic relevant immune modulation by cytomegalovirus immune globulin after liver transplantation

Ref.	No. of patients receiving CMVIg	Efficacy of CMVIg on immunology/survival
Farges et al[80]	n = 19	Significant reduction of acute rejection rate (19%) compared to recipients without CMVIg (48%; P = 0.01); no impact of on incidence of chronic rejection and bacterial infections
Falagas et al[121]	n = 90	Improved 1-yr survival (86% vs 72%; P = 0.029) and a clear trend towards improved long-term survival (68% vs 54%; P = 0.055). CMVIg as independent predictor of beneficial outcome at one year post-LT (P = 0.042)
Bucuvalas et al[124]	n = 336	Lower rate of acute rejection at 3-mo (31% vs 40%; P = 0.02); (CMV)Ig treatment as independent predictor for absence of acute rejection (HR = 0.73; P = 0.0019); significantly increased death-free allograft survival (HR = 0.57; P = 0.014) by (CMV)Ig
Fisher et al[125]	n = 2805	Significantly lower risk of graft loss and recipients' death (with or without additional antiviral agents; P < 0.001) at 7 yr post-LT; significantly higher 7-yr-survival rate after CMVIg monoprophylaxis (72%) vs no prophylaxis (67%; P = 0.02)

CMVIg: Cytomegalovirus immune globulin; LT: Liver transplantation.