Challenge of liver disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: Clues for diagnosis and hints for pathogenesis

Table 2 Laboratory abnormalities in the different hepatic manifestations associated with systemic lupus erythematosus

Hepatic alteration	Laboratory abnormalities
Hepatic steatosis	GGT, ALT/AST
Viral hepatitis	ALT, AST, HCV, cryoglobulinemia
Toxic hepatitis	ALP, GGT, AST/ALT, bilirubin
Nodular regenerative hyperplasia	ALT, AST, thrombocytopenia
Primary biliary cirrhosis	ALP, GGT, AMA
Autoimmune hepatitis	ANA, ASMA, gammaglobulin
Hepatic venous thrombosis	Antiphospolipidic antibodies
Lupus hepatitis	Anti-ribosomal P autoantibodies

AMA: Antimitocondrial antibody; ANA: Antinuclear antibody; ASMA: Antismooth muscle antibody; GGT: Gamma glutamil transferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase.