Participation of peribiliary glands in biliary tract pathophysiologies

Figure 2 Distribution of pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor 1 and hairy and enhancer of split 1 expression in normal and hepatolithiatic livers. A: Pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor 1 (PDX1) was more frequently expressed in the peribiliary glands in normal livers (0, 0 case; 1+, 4 cases; 2+, 13 cases; 3+, 15 cases) than in the lining epithelia (0, 23 cases; 1+, 5 cases; 2+, 2 cases; 3+, 2 cases). This distribution pattern was similar in hepatolithiatic livers (HL), too; B: In normal livers, hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1) was more frequently expressed in the lining epithelia (0, 2 cases; 1+, 2 cases; 2+, 23 cases; 3+, 5 cases) than in the peribiliary glands (0, 7 cases; 1+, 20 cases; 2+, 5 cases; 3+, 0 case). Although such a distribution pattern was similar in hepatolithiatic livers, HES1 expression in the peribiliary glands was decreased.