Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Limbe Regional Hospital, Southwest, Cameroon

Table 3 Factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending Limbe Regional Hospital

Explanatory variable		Crude odds ratio (95%CI)	P value	Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI)	P value
Sex	Male	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	1.824 (0.441-7.541)	0.406
	Female	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Age group (years)	25-40	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	15.701 (0.956-257.852)	0.054
	41-65	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	1.278 (0.134-12.212)	0.831
	≥ 66	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Marital status	Married	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	1.340 (0.128-14.043)	0.807
	Single	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.321 (0.018-5.621)	0.437
	Divorced	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.455 (0.023-8.842)	0.603
	Widow	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Residence	Rural	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.972 (0.260-3.634)	0.967
	Urban	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Level of education	Primary	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	14.374 (0.869-237.818)	0.063
	Secondary	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	4.616 (0.343-62.090)	0.249
	Tertiary	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Occupation	Trader	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	3.762 (0.671-21.092)	0.132
	Teacher	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.397 (0.052-3.023)	0.372
	Driver	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	8.166 × 10^8	0.988
	Farmer	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.138 (0.005-3.635)	0.235
	Housewife	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	3.565 (0.335-37.939)	0.292
	Others	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Physical exercise	No	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.529 (0.116-2.418)	0.411
	Yes	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Vegetable intake	< 3 times/week	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.131 (0.020-0.839)	0.032
	> 3 times/week	1(-)	-	1 (-)	-
Physical exercise	Insufficient	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.529 (0.116-2.418)	0.411
	Sufficient	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Vegetable intake	< 3 times/week	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.131 (0.020-0.839)	0.032
	> 3 times/week	1(-)	-	1 (-)	-
Central obesity (cm)	Present	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.167 (0.037-0.748)	0.019
	Absent	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Body mass index (kg/m2)	Underweight	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	6.511 × 10^7 (0.000-NA)	0.992
	Overweight and obese	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.917 (0.152-5.512)	0.924
	Normal weight	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Family history of diabetes	Yes	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	2.269 (0.557-9.252)	0.253
	No	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Type of treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus	Insulin	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	3.370 × 108 (4.204 × 109-2.702 × 107)	< 0.001
	Metformin	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.167 (0.037-0.718)	< 0.001
	Insulin + Metformin	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	5.856 × 109 (5.856 ×109-5.856 ×109)	NA
	Others	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-
Duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (years)	1-10	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	0.898 (0.046-17.404)	0.943
	11-20	4.357 (-)	< 0.001	2.541 × 107 (0.000-NA)	0.99
	≥ 21	1 (-)	-	1 (-)	-

NA: Not applicable.