Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Hepatol. Feb 27, 2025; 17(2): 101741
Published online Feb 27, 2025. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i2.101741
Table 3 Possible hepatotoxic drugs in the study cohort
Medication history
DILI
DILI + NAFL
Chinese medicine, proprietary Chinese medicineLianhua Qingdian (Mianma Guanzhong)Gynostemma Total Glycosides Tablets
Warm Stomach Shule (Astragalus, Yanhusuo)Gastrointestinal An
Danlu Tongdu Tablet (Salvia miltiorrhiza, Astragalus membranaceus, Yanhuosuo)Kun Bao Wan (Prepared He Shou Wu, Astragalus)
Xian Ling Bone Fructus Capsule (Radix et Rhizoma Polygoni Multiflori, Salviae Miltiorrhizae)Uterine Blood Ning
Milk fetish elimination (Poria cocos)Shen Xiang Shu Yu (Yan Hu Suo, Chai Hu)
Lingbao Heart Protecting Tablets (Salvia miltiorrhiza)Gentiana Macrophyllae Capsules
Nourishing Heart Tablets (Astragalus, Yanhusuo, Salvia Miltiorrhiza)Panax ginseng powder
Golden Chamber Kidney Qi Pills (Zelda)Bailemian (Containing Shouwu Teng)
Rejuvenation (Zedoary, Shouwu Teng)Dan Hong (Salvia miltiorrhiza)
Bailomian (Shouwu Teng)Moistening Dryness and Relieving Itching Capsule (He Shouwu, Prepared He Shouwu)
Zidan Blood Capsules (Panax ginseng saponin, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng)Salvia divinorum Drops (Salvia divinorum)
Bai Cao Yishou Tea (Astragalus)Exquisite Yin Qiao Tablets
Ganoderma Lucidum Spore PowderTongxin Nourishing Heart (Prepared He Shouwu)
Brain Heart (Astragalus, Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Scorpion, Leech)Di Ao Heart Blood Kang
Jia Wei Yi Puan (Mentha piperita, Chai Hu)Mudan Granules (Huang's, Yanhuisuo, Panax ginseng, Paeonia lactiflora, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Chuan Gong, Safflower, Sumac, Chickweed)
Antelope Clear Lung Capsule (Smallpox Powder, Mint)Xintong Oral Liquid (Astragalus, He Shouwu, Salvia Miltiorrhiza)
Jumbo Pills (Clove)Lipitor (Zedoary)
Osteoporosis (Astragalus, Danshen)Niu Huang Blood Pressure Reducing Pill (Astragalus, Mentha piperita)
Deer Chuan Activating Capsule (Scorpion, Yanhuisuo)Dendrobium Nightshade Pill
Stomach-clearing Huanglian Pill (Smallpox Powder, Astragalus)Gynostemma Capsules (Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix et Rhizoma Serpentae, Radix et Rhizoma Pinelliae, Radix et Rhizoma Bitterwood, Pericarpium Laminariae, Icicle, Menthol)
Pu Shen Capsule (He Shou Wu, Pu Huang)Sanwu Capsule (Shouwu Teng)
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi Capsule (Semen Armeniacae)Lianhua Qingdian (Mianma Guanzhong)
Nourishing Blood and Nourishing Kidney Pill (Prepared He Shouwu)Wind-dispersing and pain-relieving granules (Chai Hu)
Nourishing the Heart by Nourishing the Veins (Prepared He Shouwu)Blue Scutellaria Oral Liquid (Astragalus)
Compound Danshen Drop Pills (Salvia divinorum)Shu Shen Ling (Shou Wu Teng)
Tangerine Red Phlegm and Cough Liquid (Semen Huperzia)Nourishing Blood and Clearing Brain (Yanhuosuo)
Gui Zhi Fu Ling CapsulesCompound Rheumatism Ning
Betel Nut Si-Xie TabletInibi Tablets
Shuanghuanglian (Astragalus)Inibalance Pills (Roasted Astragalus, Chai Hu)
Hematoxylin (Chai Hu)Qingdianxie Tablet (Smallpox Powder, Astragalus, Chai Hu)
Pu Shen Capsule (He Shou Wu, Ze Xie)Dong Ling Cao Tablet
Ginkgo Biloba Ketone Ester Dispersible TabletsTongxuanliang Pill (Semixia, Astragalus)
Muxiang ShunqiTiger Balm Tablets
Liu Wei Di Huang PillGui Long Tendon & Bone Ning (Salvia miltiorrhiza)
Yanshou TabletsGolden Throat Pills (Acacia Pi)
HezeZachong Thirteen Flavor Pills (Clove)
Shouwu TengShu Brain Xin Drops
Lei Gong TengXihuang Pills
SaffronZijin Long Tablets (Astragalus and Salvia Miltiorrhiza)
ZedoaryBornin (Roasted Astragalus)
He Shou WuZhen's Fu Zheng (Astragalus)
Pingxiao Capsules
Yin Qiao Tablet
Pientzehuang Tablet
Formula: (1) Fried Sophora japonica, Fried Bitter Almond, Pueraria Mirifica, Paeoniae Alba, Cortex Pseudostellariae, Peony Peel, Roasted Licorice, Ascorbic Acid, Gypsum, Ephedra, Cinnamon Branches, Cicada Shell
(2) Forsythia, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Roasted Epimedium, Cinnamon Branches, Folium Artemisiae, Hei Shun Piece, Jujubes, Ginger, Sequelae, Wine Huang Cen, Zingiber officinale, Burnt Hawthorn, Taraxacum officinale
(3) Lycium barbarum, licorice, Radix Fructus Fructus, Fructus Chrysanthemi, Semen Coicis, Mulberry Leaf, Gardenia Jasminoides, Oyster, Cassia Seed, Lotus Seed
(4) Gypsum, Zhi Mu, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Pollen, Poria cocos, Morus alba, Zhe Bei, Xuan Shen, Ophiopogon, Chrysanthemum, Radix et Rhizoma Sheng Di
Salvia miltiorrhiza
Radix Bupleurum Chinense
He Shou Wu
Psoralea rubra
Senna
Xiaku Cao Cao Cream
Deer Whip Cream
Ginseng
Lei Gong Teng
Scorpion
Leech
Zezhi diarrhea (used in TCM)
Acanthopanax Senticosus
Dragon's blood exhaust
Dandelion
Western medicine
Anti-infective drugsCefoperazone sodium sulbactam sodium, furotoxin, levofloxacin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, clindamycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, bispyrazinamideLevofloxacin, furotoxin, amoxicillin, itraconazole, roxithromycin
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugLoxoprofen, Lovenox Extended-Release Tablets, AcetaminophenSaxifrage, aminopyrine, aminocaprofen tablets, cotrimoxazole, nimesulide
Cardiovascular drugsFluvastatin, Rosuvastatin, PropafenoneAmlodipine benzenesulfonate, aliskatam, nifedipine, irbesartan hydrochlorothiazide, valsartan, felodipine, trandolazine, atorvastatin, simvastatin, acyclovir, atorvastatin, simvastatin, acyclovir, propafenone
Antitumor drugs
Antiulcer drugOmeprazole (antifungal agent)Lansoprazole, Rabeprazole
Psychotropic drugsFlunarizine hydrochloride, betahistine mesylate, clonazepam, trazodone
Hormone antagonistsLetrozole, exemestane, tamoxifen citrate
OtherMothballs (naphthalene or p-dichlorobenzene), tolueneGlucosamine, analgesic injections (ketorolac tromethamine, resorcinol), eteplirisone hydrochloride tablets, methimazole
Dietary supplementAmway Health Care, Herbalife, Jens United StatesBovine Vitamin Tablets, Enzymes, Glutamine