Modern ultrasound techniques for diagnosing liver steatosis and fibrosis: A systematic review with a focus on biopsy comparison

Table 2 2D-shear wave elastography diagnostic efficacy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for fibrosis detection)

Ref.	Number of patients	Disease/diagnose	Diagnostic method	Fibrosis stage	AUROC (CI)	Assessment
Fang et al[25]	121	CLD	2D-SWE	F ≥ 2	0.884 (0.817-0.951)	Good
				F ≥ 3	0.926 (0.88-0.973)	Excellent
Aksakal et al[20]	103	CHB/CHC	2D-SWE	F ≥ 1	0.85 (0.75-0.94)	Good
				F ≥ 2	0.98 (0.94-1.00)	Excellent
				F ≥ 3	0.97 (0.94-1.00)	Excellent
				F ≥ 4	0.94 (0.89-1.00)	Excellent
Alcantara-Diaz et al[21]	227	Obesity	2D-SWE	F ≥ 2	0.54 (0.47-0.62)	Unacceptable
				F ≥ 3 (whole)	0.73 (0.60-0.87)	Acceptable
				F ≥ 3 (women)	0.82 (0.59-1.00)	Good
				F ≥ 3 (morbid obesity)	0.78 (0.61-0.99)	Acceptable
Imajo et al[66]	231	NAFLD	2D-SWE	F4	0.88 (0.83-0.92)	Good
Jocius et al[28]	72	CLD	2D-SWE	F1 vs F2-F4	0.75	Acceptable
				F1-F2 vs F3-F4	0.93	Excellent
				F1-F3 vs F4	0.91	Excellent
Lee et al[31]	87	CLD	2D-SWE	≥ F2	0.965 (0.895-0.993)	Excellent
				F4	0.994 (0.943-1.00)	Excellent
Manesis et al[32]	53	PBC	2D-SWE	F1	0.874	Good
				F2	0.853	Good
				F3	0.953	Excellent
				F4	0.953	Excellent
Martonik et al[33]	231	HBV/HCV	2D-SWE	F0-F1 vs ≥ F2	0.83	Good
				F2 vs ≥ F3	0.84	Good
				F3 vs F4	0.94	Excellent
Mendoza et al[34]	200	NAFLD	2D-SWE	≥ F2	0.83 (0.72-0.93)	Good
				≥ F3	0.84 (0.76-0.92)	Good
				F4	0.94 (0.89-0.99)	Excellent
Paisant et al[38]	788	Liver fibrosis	2D-SWE	>F2	0.825 (SD ± 0.006)	Good
				F4	0.880 (SD ± 0.006)	Good
Prieto Ortiz et al[68]	453	Liver fibrosis	2D-SWE	F > 1	0.75	Acceptable
				F > 2	0.83	Good
				F > 3	0.89	Good
				F = 4	0.94	Excellent
Seyrek et al[42]	146	CLD	2D-SWE	> F2	0.86 (0.75-0.96)	Good
				> F3	0.87 (0.78-0.97)	Good
				F2-F4	0.84 (0.76-0.92)	Good
				F4	0.93 (0.86-0.99)	Excellent
Sharpton et al[43]	114	CLD	2D-SWE	F2-F4	0.84 (0.76-0.92)	Good
				F3-F4	0.88 (0.81-0.96)	Good
				F4	0.93 (0.86-0.99)	Excellent
Soh et al[44]	69	AIH	2D-SWE	≥ F2	0.903 (0.807-0.961)	Excellent
				≥ F3	0.815 (0.703-0.898)	Good
				F4	0.854 (0.748-0.927)	Good
Song et al[45]	602	CHB	2D-SWE	≥ F1	0.807 (0.742-0.861)	Good
				≥ F2	0.868 (0.810-0.914)	Good
				≥ F3	0.855 (0.796-0.903)	Good
				F4	0.851 (0.791-0.900)	Good
Wang et al[47]	141	AIH-PBC	2D-SWE	F2-F4	0.748 (0.668-0.817)	Acceptable
				F3-F4	0.818 (0.745-0.878)	Good
				F4	0.879 (0.813-0.928)	Good
Yan et al[69]	148	AIH-PBC	2D-SWE	≥ F2	0.91 (0.85-0.96)	Excellent
				≥ F3	0.97 (0.94-0.99)	Excellent
				F4	0.96 (0.92-0.99)	Excellent
Yoo et al[52]	115	CLD	2D-SWE	F2	0.851 (0.773-0.911)	Good
				F3	0.917 (0.851-0.960)	Excellent
				F4	0.889 (0.817-0.940)	Good
Yamaoka et al[54]	116	CLD	2D-SWE	≥ F2	0.85 (0.773-0.911)	Good
				≥ F3	0.91 (0.81-0.97)	Excellent
				F4	0.88 (0.79-1.00)	Good
Zhou et al[64]	116	NAFLD	2D-SWE	≥ F2	0.86 (0.77-0.94)	Good
				≥ F3	0.89 (0.81-0.97)	Good
				F4	0.90 (0.79-1.00)	Good

AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CLD: Chronic liver disease; SWE: Shear wave elastography; CHB: Chronic hepatitis B; CHC: Chronic hepatitis C; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; PBC: Primary biliary cholangitis; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; PBC: Primary biliary cholangitis.