Effect of alpha-lipoic acid and Silybum marianum supplementation with a Mediterranean diet on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis

Table 3 Biochemical parameters at the baseline and at weeks 12 and 24 in the intervention group with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Biochemical parameters	Baseline	12 weeks	24 weeks	P value
Leukocytes in thousands/μL1	7.1 (5.3-13.7)	5.7 (4.5-10)	7.0 (4.7-12)	0.876
Hb in g/dL2	13.4 + 1.3	13.1 + 1.3	13.3 + 1.2	0.101
Platelets in miles/μL2	278 + 52	259 + 59	256 + 57	0.014
TB in mg/dL2	0.54 + 0.24	0.60 + 0.18	0.72 + 0.20	0.002
AST in U/L1	27 (11-49)	25 (20-63)	24 (15-45)	0.201
ALT in U/L1	32 (4-102)	30 (17-81)	25 (17-69)	0.267
ALP in IU/L2	99 + 49	92 + 24	81 + 16	0.205
GGT in U/L1	51 (18-370)	25 (10-130)	28 (12-142)	0.033
TP in g/dL1	7.4 (6.4-8.3)	7.4 (6.6-8.1)	7.4 (7.0-8.3)	0.125
Albumin in g/dL2	4.3 + 0.56	4.3 + 0.28	4.4 + 0.3	0.443
Cholesterol in mg/dL2	202 + 45	191 + 52	184 + 49	0.073
HDL in mg/dL1	44 (23-66)	40 (31-61)	46 (29-168)	0.850
LDL in mg/dL2	123 + 41	113 + 39	110 + 37	0.056
VLDL in mg/dL2	31 + 11	41 + 43	32 + 15	0.663
Triglycerides in mg/dL2	165 + 11	163 + 55	32 + 76	0.987
Glucose in mg/dL1	110 (69-316)	101 (83-200)	115 (91-242)	0.616
Creatinine in mg/dL2	0.77 + 0.16	0.67 + 0.14	0.66 + 0.25	0.223
CRP in mg/L1	4.60 (0.50-1.03)	3.90 (1.80-6.00)	0.51 (0.03-1.40)	0.035
Insulin in mg/L2	16.0 + 9.8	20.0 + 11.0	16.0 + 5.0	0.580
HOMA2	4.8 + 3.0	5.7 + 3.3	5.3 + 2.8	0.230

¹Non-normal distribution [median (range)];

²Normal distribution (mean standard deviation).

Data distribution was evaluated through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and homoscedasticity with the Levene’s test. Groups were compared using the Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon test for numerical values, and the χ² test or Fisher’s exact test for the categorical variables. ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; CRP: C-reactive protein; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; Hb: Hemoglobin; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; HOMA: Homeostasis Model Assessment; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; TB: Total bilirubin; TP: Prothrombin time; VLDL: Very low-density lipoprotein.