Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 expression affects clinicopathological features and prognosis of aflatoxin B1-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 Clinical pathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma according to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 expression

Variable	LTE		n	HTE
	n	Percentage (%)		Percentage (%)	P value
Total	89	100.0		93	100.0
Age (years)						0.78
< 49	47	52.8		51	54.8
≥ 49	42	47.2		42	45.2
Gender						0.18
Male	70	78.7		65	69.9
Female	19	21.3		28	30.1
Race						0.89
Han	44	49.4		45	48.4
Others	45	50.6		48	51.6
Smoking						0.38
No	70	78.7		68	73.1
Yes	19	21.3		25	26.9
Drinking						0.50
No	68	76.4		67	72.0
Yes	21	23.6		26	28.0
HBsAg						0.13
Negative	26	29.2		37	39.8
Positive	63	70.8		56	60.2
Anti-HCV						0.47
Negative	71	79.8		78	83.9
Positive	18	20.2		15	16.1
AFP						4.66 × 10-13
Negative	8	9.0		56	60.2
Positive	81	91.0		37	39.8
Tumor size						2.54 × 10-4
≤ 5 cm	16	18.0		40	43.0
> 5 cm	73	82.0		53	57.0
ES grade						3.84 × 10-4
Low	34	38.2		60	64.5
High	55	61.8		33	35.4
TNM stage						1.18 × 10-4
I	6	6.7		24	25.8
II	35	39.3		43	46.2
III	48	53.9		26	28.0
Liver cirrhosis						0.14
No	32	36.0		24	25.8
Yes	57	64.0		69	74.2
MVD						2.97 × 10-3
Low	34	38.2		56	60.2
High	55	61.8		37	39.8
PVTT						2.32 × 10-5
Negative	49	55.1		78	83.9
Positive	40	44.9		15	16.1
MVI						2.99 × 10-4
Negative	45	50.6		71	76.3
Positive	44	49.4		22	23.7

HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ES: Edmondson and Steiner; TNM: Tumor node metastasis; MVD: Microvessel density; PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombus; MVI: Microvessel infiltration; LTE: Low TIMP3 expression; HTE: High TIMP3 expression.