Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and Pi*Z allele as important co-factors in the development of liver fibrosis

Table 2 Factors associated with a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score value that does not exclude advanced fibrosis

Variable	Excluding advanced fibrosis (NFS < -1.455), n = 49	Not excluding advanced fibrosis (NFS ≥ -1.455), n = 19	P value	OR	95%CI
Sex, n (%)			0.232	0.523	0.179-1.526
Female	18 (36.7)	10 (52.6)
Male	31 (63.3)	9 (47.4)
Age at diagnosis (yr), mean ± SD	39 ± 16	57 ± 11	< 0.001a	-	-
Age (yr), median	46	64	< 0.001a	-	-
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	26.1 ± 4.4	27.1 ± 4.9	0.409	-	-
Waist circumference (cm), median	94	99	0.235	-	-
Arterial hypertension, n (%)			< 0.001a	16.667	4.457-62.318
Yes	9 (18.4)	15 (78.9)
No	40 (81.6)	4 (21.1)
Type 2 DM, n (%)			0.002a	7.920	2.178-28.799
Yes	5 (10.2)	9 (47.4)
No	44 (89.8)	10 (52.6)
Dyslipidaemia, n (%)			0.008a	4.286	1.399-13.127
Yes	14 (28.6)	12 (63.2)
No	35 (71.4)	7 (36.8)
Obesity, n (%)			0.329	2.051	0.613-6.863
Yes	9 (18.4)	6 (31.6)
No	40 (81.6)	13 (68.4)
Metabolic syndrome, n (%)			< 0.001a	6.686	2.091-21.382
Yes	10 (20.4)	12 (63.2)
No	39 (79.6)	7 (36.8)
Regular alcohol intake, n (%)			0.033a	3.227	1.072-9.716
Yes	17 (34.7)	12 (63.2)
No	32 (65.3)	7 (36.8)
AAT value at diagnosis (mg/dL), median	71	56	0.025a	-	-
FEV1 (%), mean ± SD	95 ± 27	93 ± 34	0.801	-	-
DLCO, mL of CO/s/mmHg, median	95	88	0.225	-	-

^aP < 0.05.

NFS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; BMI: Body mass index; DM: Diabetes mellitus; AAT: Alpha-1 antitrypsin; FEV1: Forced expiratory volume in the first second; DLCO: Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide.