Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Eastern Ethiopia: Clinical characteristics and determinants of cirrhosis

Table 5 Factors associated with cirrhosis among patients with chronic hepatitis B, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

Baseline variables	No cirrhosis, n = 133	Cirrhosis, n = 60	Bivariable		Multivariable
			COR (95%CI)	P value	AOR (95%CI)	P value
Sex, n (%)				0.022		0.308
Female	49 (36.8)	12 (20.0)	1		1
Male	84 (63.2)	48 (80.0)	2.33 (1.13-4.81)		1.74 (0.72-4.20)
Age group by years, n (%)				0.635
< 40	100 (75.2)	47 (78.3)	1
≥ 40	33 (24.8)	13 (26.7)	0.84 (0.40-1.74)
Alcohol abuse, n (%)				0.122
No	105 (78.9)	53 (88.3)	1
Yes	28 (21.1)	7 (11.7)	0.49 (0.20-1.21)
Khat abuse, n (%)				0.002		0.003a
No	71 (53.4)	17 (28.3)	1		1
Yes	62 (46.6)	43 (71.7)	2.89 (1.50-5.59)		2.86 (1.44-5.68)
ALT in U/L1, n (%)				0.213
< 40	70 (55.6)	26 (45.6)	1
≥ 40	56 (44.4)	31 (54.4)	1.49 (0.79-2.79)
AST in U/L2, n (%)				0.099
< 40	67 (53.6)	23 (40.4)	1
≥ 40	58 (46.4)	34 (59.6)	1.71 (0.91-3.22)
HBeAg3, n (%)				0.007		0.022a
Negative	80 (87.9)	25 (59.5)	1		1
Positive	11 (12.8)	17 (40.5)	3.61 (1.41-9.21)		3.81 (1.21-11.98)
HBV viral load in IU/mL4, n (%)				0.001		0.004a
< 2000	91 (79.8)	23 (45.1)	1		1
≥ 2000	35 (20.2)	28 (54.9)	3.17 (1.61-6.23)		5.29 (1.72-16.33)

^aP < 0.05.

¹A total of 10 missing values, of whom 3 had cirrhosis at baseline.

²A total of 11 missing values, of whom 3 had cirrhosis at baseline.

³A total of 61 missing values, of whom 18 had cirrhosis at baseline.

⁴A total of 16 missing values, of whom 9 had cirrhosis at baseline. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AOR: Adjusted odds ratio; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; CI: Confidence interval; COR: Crudes odds ratio; HBeAg: Hepatitis B envelope antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.