Immunoprophylaxis failure and vaccine response in infants born to mothers with chronic hepatitis B infection in Djibouti

Table 5 Risk factor analysis for low immune responses

Variable	AcHBs Vt ≥ 100 mUI/mL	AcHBs Vt < 100 mUI/mL1	χ2	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
HBV DNA			0.20	0.650
> 200000 IU/mL	1 (2.5)	0 (0)			Reference	0.794
< 200000 IU/mL	39 (97.5)	8 (100)		-	1.54 (0.05-41.38)
HBeAg status			0.20	0.650
Negative	39 (97.5)	8 (100)			Reference
Positive	1 (2.5)	0 (0)		-	1.54 (0.05-41.38)	0.794
Antecedent HBV			0.46	0.500
No	25 (62.0)	6 (75.0)			Reference
Yes	15 (38.0)	2 (25.0)		-	0.56 (0.10-3.11)	0.504
History of abortion			4.36	0.370
No	25 (62.0)	8 (100)			Reference
Yes	15 (38.0)	0 (0)		-	0.09 (0.01-1.79)	0.117
Mode of delivery			0.59	0.440
Cesarean	10 (25.0)	1 (12.0)			Reference
Vaginal	30 (75.0)	7 (88.0)		-	2.33 (0.25-21.36)	0.453
Birth weight in kg			17.97	< 0.001
2.5-3.5	34 (85.0)	1 (12.0)			Reference
< 2.5	4 (10.0)	4 (50.0)		-	34 (3.01-383.86)	0.004
> 3.5	2 (5.0)	3 (38.0)		-	51 (3.51-740.17)	0.004
Infant sex			1.17	0.420
Male	26 (65.0)	4 (50.0)			Reference
Female	14 (35.0)	4 (50.0)		-	0.54 (0.12-2.49)	0.428

Data are n (%).

¹Low immune response. AcHBs: Hepatitis B surface antibody; CI: Confidence interval; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; OR: Odds ratio; Vt: Viral titer.