Trends of autoimmune liver disease inpatient hospitalization and mortality from 2011 to 2017: A United States nationwide analysis

Table 1 Weighted hospital admissions with autoimmune liver diseases diagnosis years 2011-2017, mean ± SD

	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	P value	P value
Primary AiLD diagnosis	13432	12650	12960	12595	12040	10505	10100		< 0.0001
Total AiLD admissions	83263	81430	84080	90350	88515	72585	74850
Total admissions	36962415	36484846	35597792	35358818	35769942	35675421	35798453
Total AiLD admission rate (%)	0.23	0.22	0.24	0.26	0.25	0.20	0.21
Age group (%)
< 25	2.47	2.62	2.65	2.68	2.37	2.81	2.55	0.65	< 0.0001
25-44	11.7	11.53	11.98	12.53	12.12	13.52	12.73	< 0.0001
45-64	32.53	31.9	31.3	30.28	30.31	33.18	32.22	0.96
65/65+	53.3	53.95	54.07	54.5	55.21	50.49	52.5	0.0008
Reported death (%)	4.67	4.23	4.6	4.39	4.9	5.56	5.43	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Type of insurance/payment (%)									< 0.0001
Medicare	56.3	57.5	57.1	57.73	57.75	54.81	56.47	0.15
Medicaid	9.21	9.04	9.08	10.21	10.44	11.81	11.32	< 0.0001
Private insurance	28.25	26.98	27.03	27.1	27.06	28.66	27.3	0.97
Self-Pay	3.35	3.61	3.69	2.62	2.51	2.31	2.43	< 0.0001
No charge	0.59	0.39	0.56	0.26	0.19	0.22	0.27	< 0.0001
Other	2.3	2.48	2.54	2.08	2.05	2.19	2.2	0.01
Median household income based on zip code (%)									< 0.0001
0-25th percentile	25.08	25.43	24.48	24.74	25.97	25.76	25.22	0.03
26th to 50th percentile (median)	24.85	24.48	25.22	27.06	24.32	24.79	25.67	0.1
51st to 75th percentile	26.61	24.88	26.44	23.72	25.18	25.28	24.7	0.001
76th to 100th percentile	23.47	25.21	23.86	24.48	24.53	24.17	24.41	0.48
Sex (%)									0.0079
Male	39.92	41.08	40.86	40.97	41.17	40.34	39.44	0.25
Female	60.08	58.92	59.14	59.03	58.83	59.66	60.56	0.25
Hospital bedsize (%)									< 0.0001
Small	10.19	11.76	11.7	15.72	14.57	14.69	15.54	< 0.0001
Medium	22.22	24.11	23.85	26.05	26.48	25.37	25.16	< 0.0001
Large	67.59	64.12	64.45	58.23	58.95	59.94	59.3	< 0.0001
Hospital region									0.0006
Northeast	21.29	22.1	21.5	21.17	20.82	20.16	20.62	0.0007
Midwest	22.65	22.79	22.52	22.93	23.53	23.58	23.2	0.17
South	33.9	32.42	33.31	32.82	33.16	34.04	34.2	0.26
West	22.16	22.69	22.67	23.08	22.49	22.22	21.98	0.49
Race (%)									< 0.0001
White	69.39	69.82	68.82	69.7	69.04	68.22	67.54	0.35
Black	10.43	9.84	10.58	10.44	10.9	11.63	11.87	< 0.0001
Hispanic	13.15	11.67	12.2	11.52	11.59	11.91	12.51	0.56
Asian or Pacific Islander	3.7	4.24	4.67	4.66	4.66	4.14	4.07	0.03
Native American	0.6	0.72	0.67	0.67	0.74	0.86	0.77	0.006
Other	2.72	3.72	3.06	3.01	3.07	3.24	3.24	0.17
Hospital location (%)									< 0.0001
Rural	8.55	7.91	7.44	5.95	5.68	5.85	5.35	< 0.0001
Urban nonteaching	35.08	31.78	31.58	20.82	21.41	19.12	17.11	< 0.0001
Urban teaching	56.38	60.31	60.98	73.23	72.91	75.03	77.54	< 0.0001
Discharge (%)									< 0.0001
Routine	58.53	59.21	57.87	57.56	57.08	56.17	55.37	< 0.0001
Transfer to short-term hospital	4.86	4.64	4.82	4.62	4.67	4.8	4.51	0.54
Transfer other1	15.52	15.69	15.43	16.19	15.63	14.89	15.2	0.15
Home health care	15.88	15.76	16.76	16.65	17.19	17.97	18.67	< 0.0001
Against medical advice	0.47	0.42	0.49	0.53	0.53	0.58	0.79	< 0.0001
Died	4.67	4.23	4.6	4.39	4.9	5.56	5.43	< 0.0001
Total charges	66031 ± 959.67	64643 ± 917.22	67530± 873.54	70390 ± 846.90	73081 ± 935.86	75856 ± 1162.0	78987 ± 1120.29	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Length of stay	6.94 ± 0.07	6.72 ± 0.07	6.65 ± 0.06	6.76 ± 0.06	6.70 ± 0.06	6.56 ± 0.06	6.51 ± 0.06	< 0.0001	< 0.0001

¹Includes skilled nursing facility, intermediate care facility, another type of facility.

AiLD: Autoimmune liver diseases.