Genetic diversity and occult hepatitis B infection in Africa: A comprehensive review

Table 3 Distribution of occult hepatitis B infection prevalence in the central region of Africa

Ref.	Year	Countries	Patients	OBI prevalence, n (%)	Types of studies	Methods	DNA limit of detection	Effective	HBV genotype
Kengne et al[6]	2021	Cameroun	Blood donors	9.83	Cross-sectional et prospective	PCR	ND	193
Fopa et al[57]	2019	Cameroun	Blood donors	2.3	ND	Nested PCR	ND	1162
Gachara et al[73]	2017	Cameroun	HIV patient	5.9	Cross-sectional	Nested PCR	ND	337
Bivigou-Mboumba et al[75]	2018	Gabon	HIV patient	17.5	Cross-sectional	Real-time PCR	50 IU/mL	137
Bivigou-Mboumba et al[76]	2016	Gabon	HIV patient	8	Cross-sectional	Real-time PCR	100 IU/mL	762	A E

OBI: Occult hepatitis B infection; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; ND: Not defined.