Current concepts in the management of non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis

Table 3 Comparison of commonly used anticoagulants

Considerations	Anticoagulant
	Low molecular weight heparin	Vitamin K antagonist	Apixaban	Dabigatran	Edoxaban	Rivaroxaban
Standard dose	Parenteral. Weight-based dosing	Dosed according to INR. Usual target 2-3	10 mg daily for 7 d then 5 mg twice daily	150 mg twice daily after 5 d parenteral anticoagulant	60 mg once daily after 5 d parenteral anticoagulant	15 mg twice daily for 21 d then 20 mg once daily
Age	-	-	-	75-79 years reduce dose to 110-150 mg twice daily. ≥ 80 years reduce dose to 110 mg twice daily	-	-
Weight	Weight-based dosing	-	-	-	< 61 kg reduce dose to 30 mg once daily	-
Renal impairment	Use with caution if CrCl < 30 mL/min. Avoid enoxaparin if CrCl < 15 mL/min	-	Avoid if CrCl < 15 mL/min. Use with caution if CrCl 15-29 mL/min	Avoid if CrCl < 30 mL/min. Consider dose reduction to 110-150 mg twice daily if CrCl 30-50 mL/min	Avoid if CrCl < 15 mL/min. Reduce dose to 30 mg once daily if CrCl 15-50 mL/min	Avoid if CrCl < 15 mL/min. Consider dose reduction to 15 mg daily if CrCl 15-49 mL/min
Pregnancy	Safe	Avoid (especially 1st/3rd trimester)	Avoid	Avoid	Avoid	Avoid
Breastfeeding	Safe	Safe	Avoid	Avoid	Avoid	Avoid
Reversal agent	Protamine sulphate (partially effective)	Vitamin K, prothrombin complex concentrate	Andexanet alfa	Idarucizumab	None	Andexanet alfa
Other		Multiple drug and food interactions	DOAC contraindicated in anti-phospholipid syndrome

Comparison of commonly used anticoagulants[84]. DOAC: Direct oral anticoagulants.