Unraveling the relationship between histone methylation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 4 Effect of histone methylation on carcinogenesis of fatty liver

Histone methylation	HMTs/HDMs	Functions	Effects on HCC	Ref.
H3K4me2↑	SETD7/KMT7	(+) Cell cycle G1 phase → S phase	↑	[72,73]
H3K9me1/2↑	G9a/KMT1C	(-) Expression of oncogenic factor RARRES3 and pro-apoptotic gene Bcl-G	↑	[85,86]
H3K9me3↑	SUV39H1/KMT1A	(+) Cell cycle G1 phase → S phase	↑	[87,88]
H3K27me3↑	EZH2/KMT6A	(+) Wnt/β-linked protein signaling pathways	↑	[91,92]
H4K20me1↑	SET8/KMT5A	(+) Cell cycle G1 phase → S phase	↑	[94,95]
H3K4me1/2/3↓	JARID1B/KDM5B	(+) Cell cycle G1 phase → S phase	↑	[75]
		(-) Oncogenic expression ← transcription factors (E2F1, P15 and P27)
H3K4me1/2↓	LSD1/LSD2/KDM1A	(+) Cell cycle G1 phase → S phase	↑	[77-79,90]
H3K9 me1/2↓		(-) H3K4me1/2↓→Inhibitor expression (β-linked protein signaling)
		(+) β-linked protein +TCF/LEF→Target gene expression (Oncogenic)
H3K9me1/2↓	JMJD1A/KDM3A	(+) PI3K/AP-1 pathway	↑	[89,90]
		(+) JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathways
		(+) Wnt/β-linked protein signaling pathways

HMTs: Histone methyltransferases; HDMs: Histone demethylases.