Prospective study of hepatitis B and D epidemiology and risk factors in Romania: A 10-year update

Table 1 Demographic and clinical data for patients with hepatitis B virus monoinfection or hepatitis B virus/hepatitis D virus coinfection, %

Variable	HBV monoinfection (n = 644)	HBV/HDV coinfection (n = 319)	P value
Sex
Female	41.5	51.7	0.002a
Male	58.5	48.3	0.002a
Age, mean ± SD, yr
Total	51.6 ± 13.6	53.5 ± 11.7	0.03a
Female	51.2 ± 13.4	55.5 ± 11.4	0.002a
Male	51.8 ± 13.6	51.3 ± 11.7	0.67
Time since HBV diagnosis, mean ± SD, months	86.2 ± 3.4	112.8 ± 7.1	0.36
Stage of disease at diagnosis			< 0.0001a
Chronic hepatitis	87.9	73.1
Compensated liver cirrhosis	9.9	19.4
Decompensated liver cirrhosis	2.2	7.5
Hepatocellular carcinoma at diagnosis	2.6	4.1	0.22
HBeAg-positive	5.1	3.3	0.19
Liver stiffness measurement at therapy initiation, mean ± SD, kPa	8.7 ± 3.3	10.9 ± 5.7	0.003a
HBV DNA serum level at diagnosis, mean ± SD, IU/mL	2994542.8 ± 3014.7	610025.3 ± 158.9	< 0.0001a
Past or current pegylated interferon-α therapy	14.6	42.5	< 0.0001a
Current nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy	70.3	36.4	< 0.0001a
Previous documented COVID-19	40.8	34	0.0003a
Associated diabetes mellitus	11.2	7.5	0.07

^aP < 0.05, statistically significant P values.

COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HDV: Hepatitis D virus.