Quantitative hepatitis B core antibody and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen: Novel viral biomarkers for chronic hepatitis B management

Table 1 Summary of the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic decompensation, and hepatitis B surface antigen seroreversion of chronic hepatitis B patients with hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance

Ref.	Country/region	Study design	n	HBsAg seroreversion (%)	Hepatic decompensation (%)	HCC incidence (%)
Spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance
Yip et al[43], 2023	Hong Kong	Retrospective	7942	6.1	1.3	1.1
Yip et al[44], 2021	Hong Kong	Retrospective	5917	7	-	1.6
Choi et al[45], 2021	South Korea	Retrospective	1624	1.2	-	2.2
Park et al[46], 2021	South Korea	Retrospective	984	-	10.9	1.4
Yeo et al[47], 2020	Multicenter	Retrospective	11264	1.3	-	-
Song et al[48], 2019	China	Prospective	652	-	-	1.2
Zhu et al[49], 2018	China	Prospective	348	-	-	0.2
Chen et al[50], 2016	Taiwan	Retrospective	312	-	-	1.3
NAs treatment HBsAg seroclearance
Yip et al[44], 2021	Hong Kong	Retrospective	1207	7.7	-	1.3
Choi et al[45], 2021	South Korea	Retrospective	348	5.5	-	4
Kim et al[51], 2020	South Korea	Retrospective	276	3.6	-	2.9
Yip et al[52], 2019	Hong Kong	Retrospective	376	1.4	-	0.5
Suarez et al[53], 2019	Spain	Retrospective	69	1.5	-	1.5
Sun et al[54], 2019	China	Retrospective	54	-	-	0
Chi et al[55], 2017	Multicenter	Retrospective	70	3.7	-	0
Chen et al[50], 2016	Taiwan	Retrospective	110	-	-	0.9
IFN-α alone or combined with NAs treatment HBsAg seroclearance
Li et al[56], 2022	China	Prospective	231	8.2	-	-
Chen et al[57], 2021	China	Prospective	48	6.3	-	0
Wu et al[58], 2021	China	Prospective	68	-	-	0
Pan et al[59], 2021	China	Prospective	376	17.3	-	0.3
Wu et al[60], 2020	China	Retrospective	238	5.9	-	0
Choi et al[61], 2020	Canada	Retrospective	65	1.9	-	4.4
Li et al[62], 2019	China	Prospective	176	13.4	-	0.6

CHB: Chronic hepatitis B; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; INF-α: Interferon-alpha; NAs: Nucleoside analogues.