Evaluation of G3BP1 in the prognosis of acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure after the treatment of artificial liver support system

Table 4 Performance of biomarkers and/or clinical data for predicting risk for progression in training and validation cohorts

Biomarkers	C statistic (95%CI)1
	Training cohort (n = 244)	Validation cohort (n = 514)2
Univariable models of biomarkers
G3BP1	0.75 (0.68-0.81)	0.75 (0.71-0.78)
IL-1β	0.68 (0.63-0.74)
IL-18	0.54 (0.48-0.63)
TNF-α	0.57 (0.50-0.64)
Clinical models
Clinical data	0.78 (0.72-0.84)	0.71 (0.66-0.76)
Models containing clinical data and biomarkers
Clinical data + G3BP1	0.84 (0.77-0.89)	0.80 (0.76-0.84)
Clinical data + IL-1β	0.80 (0.75-0.85)
Clinical data + IL-18	0.78 (0.72-0.84)
Clinical data + TNF-α	0.78 (0.72-0.84)
Model containing clinical data and multiple biomarkers
Clinical data + G3BP1 + IL-1β + IL-18 + TNF-α3	0.84 (0.79-0.90)

¹Expressed as Harrell’s C-index, continuous biomarkers were used in the model.

²Due to limited sample availability of the validation cohort, only G3BP1 assay was performed for participants from the cohort.

³Comprising lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-fetoprotein.

HR: Hazard ratio; IL: Interlenkin; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α.