Effects of nocturnal snacks on body composition in patients with liver cirrhosis

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients with liver cirrhosis and healthy controls

Variable	Healthy control subjects	Liver cirrhosis patients	P value
Participants (n)	30	70	-
Age (year)	53 ± 6.2	56.1 ± 5.1	0.199
Women, n (%)	14 (46.7)	31 (44.3)	0.826
BMI (kg/m2)	24.8 ± 4.1	22.5 ± 3.7	0.413
Energy intake (kcal/day)	2443 ± 473	2264 ± 642	0.031
TBW (L)	40.04 ± 6.67	40.25 ± 9.38	0.221
ICW (L)	26.84 ± 6.36	25.62 ± 6.32	0.316
ECW (L)	14.81 ± 2.50	14.63 ± 3.41	0.332
TBP (kg)	10.91 ± 1.80	11.09 ± 2.73	0.153
Mineral (kg)	3.67 ± 0.61	4.03± 1.07	0.341
BFM (kg)	21.27 ± 6.74	14.38 ± 6.63	< 0.001
SMM (kg)	33.91 ± 5.49	21.42 ± 8.22	< 0.001
FFM (kg)	54.63 ± 3.08	48.02 ± 3.85	< 0.001
PBF (%)	27.77 ± 7.50	20.37 ± 8.13	0.227
WHR	0.90 ± 0.05	0.83 ± 0.14	0.612
VFA (cm2)	95.61 ± 3.78	66.32 ± 3.50	< 0.001
BCM (kg)	36.16 ± 3.04	31.72 ± 2.02	< 0.001

BMI: Body mass index; TBW: Total body water; ICW: Intracellular water; ECW: Extracellular water; TBP: Total body protein; BFM: Body fat mass; SMM: Skeletal muscle mass; FFM: Fat-free mass; PBF: Percentage body fat; WHR: Waist-to-hip fat ratio; VFA: Visceral fat area; BCM: Body cell mass.