Clinical profiles and their interaction of concurrent metabolic associated steatotic liver disease and hepatitis B virus infection

Table 4 Clinical characteristics between “dual etiology” group and “hepatitis B virus alone” group before and after propensity score matching for age and sex

Characteristic	Before PSM			After PSM
	Dual etiology, n = 755	HBV alone, n = 1373	P value	Dual etiology, n = 755	HBV alone, n = 755	P value
Age, year	53.83 ± 9.62	53.87 ± 9.72	0.932	53.83 ± 9.62	53.80 ± 9.58	0.957
Male	324 (42.91)	451 (32.85)	< 0.001	324 (42.91)	324 (42.91)	> 0.999
BMI, kg/m2	26.25 ± 3.69	23.00 ± 3.07	< 0.001	26.25 ± 3.69	23.05 ± 3.09	< 0.001
Body fat %	31.32 ± 7.66	27.20 ± 7.27	< 0.001	31.32 ± 7.66	26.04 ± 7.60	< 0.001
WC, cm	88.76 ± 10.41	80.24 ± 8.88	< 0.001	88.76 ± 10.41	80.45 ± 8.87	< 0.001
Metabolic parameters
Diabetes	135 (17.88)	69 (5.03)	< 0.001	135 (17.88)	41 (5.43)	< 0.001
Hypertension	153 (20.26)	140 (10.20)	< 0.001	153 (20.26)	81 (10.73)	< 0.001
Hyperlipidemia	93 (12.32)	89 (6.48)	< 0.001	93 (12.32)	58 (7.68)	0.003
Glucose, mg/dL	102 (26.32)	93 (16.97)	< 0.001	102 (26.32)	94 (20.10)	< 0.001
HbA1c, %	6.11 ± 1.06	5.68 ± 0.62	< 0.001	6.11 ± 1.06	5.69 ± 0.70	< 0.001
TG, mg/dL	139.82 ± 96.00	90.08 ± 50.25	< 0.001	139.82 ± 96.00	91.52 ± 51.42	< 0.001
CHO, mg/dL	196.49 ± 38.11	193.06 ± 34.35	0.040	196.49 ± 38.11	193.44 ± 34.53	0.104
HDL, mg/dL	49.71 ± 11.55	58.27 ± 13.73	< 0.001	49.71 ± 11.55	57.96 ± 13.89	< 0.001
LDL, mg/dL	123.25 ± 33.16	116.55 ± 29.91	< 0.001	123.25 ± 33.16	117.00 ± 30.02	< 0.001
Liver parameters
AST, U/L	28.70 ± 13.27	27.56 ± 16.69	0.084	28.70 ± 13.27	28.10 ± 15.93	0.426
ALT, U/L	33.40 ± 26.16	25.91 ± 31.13	< 0.001	33.40 ± 26.16	27.29 ± 34.92	< 0.001
GGT, U/L	24.21 ± 16.74	17.73 ± 20.46	< 0.001	24.21 ± 16.74	18.88 ± 23.99	< 0.001
Fatty liver index	37.72 ± 23.66	15.09 ± 15.64	< 0.001	37.72 ± 23.66	15.85 ± 16.07	< 0.001
FIB-4	1.35 ± 0.64	1.57 ± 0.80	< 0.001	1.35 ± 0.64	1.61 ± 0.78	< 0.001
FIB-4 > 2	100 (13.25)	307 (22.36)	< 0.0001	100 (13.25)	185 (24.50)	< 0.001
Other parameters
Carotid plaque	198 (26.23)	335 (24.40)	0.352	198 (26.23)	194 (25.70)	0.814

Data are n (%). PSM: Propensity score matching; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; CHO: Cholesterol; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4; GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; TG: Triglycerides; WC: Waist circumference.