Clinical profiles and their interaction of concurrent metabolic associated steatotic liver disease and hepatitis B virus infection

Table 1 Clinical characteristics between resolved hepatitis B virus patients and healthy controls before and after propensity score matching for age and sex

Characteristic	Before PSM			After PSM
	Resolved HBV, n = 11186	Healthy controls, n = 5666	P value	Resolved HBV, n = 5015	Healthy controls, n = 5015	P value
Age, year	57.41 ± 9.31	51.29 ± 11.25	< 0.001	53.39 ± 10.23	53.32 ± 10.32	0.729
Male	3445 (30.80)	1553 (27.41)	< 0.001	1252 (24.97)	1331 (26.54)	0.071
BMI, kg/m2	24.20 ± 3.60	24.13 ± 3.88	0.266	24.12 ± 3.83	24.16 ± 3.82	0.619
Body fat %	29.41 ± 7.46	29.52 ± 7.44	0.375	29.87 ± 7.45	29.71 ± 7.42	0.309
WC, cm	83.48 ± 9.78	82.82 ± 10.32	< 0.001	82.66 ± 10.10	83.02 ± 10.15	0.076
Metabolic parameters
MASLD	4670 (41.75)	2229 (39.34)	0.003	2007 (40.02)	2033 (40.54)	0.597
Diabetes	1383 (12.36)	474 (8.37)	< 0.001	503 (10.03)	463 (9.23)	0.176
Hypertension	2072 (18.52)	724 (12.78)	< 0.001	731 (14.58)	711 (14.18)	0.569
Hyperlipidemia	1431 (12.79)	548 (9.67)	< 0.001	499 (9.95)	539 (10.75)	0.190
Glucose, mg/dL	98 (21.71)	95 (19.00)	< 0.001	97 (21.48)	96 (19.25)	0.166
HbA1c, %	5.93 ± 0.84	5.80 ± 0.75	< 0.001	5.86 ± 0.84	5.83 ± 0.77	0.106
TG, mg/dL	120.91 ± 99.13	115.42 ± 77.93	< 0.001	118.04 ± 116.37	117.85 ± 78.99	0.924
CHO, mg/dL	199.78 ± 36.71	197.94 ± 36.28	0.002	198.72 ± 36.05	199.22 ± 36.07	0.482
HDL, mg/dL	55.26 ± 13.62	55.89 ± 13.74	0.005	55.80 ± 13.57	55.96 ± 13.74	0.568
LDL, mg/dL	122.75 ± 32.30	121.78 ± 32.15	0.065	122.19 ± 31.92	122.44 ± 31.91	0.695
Liver parameters
AST, U/L	25.11 ± 11.28	24.35 ± 12.12	< 0.001	24.31 ± 12.71	24.56 ± 12.29	0.325
ALT, U/L	23.05 ± 20.82	23.10 ± 22.66	0.885	22.48 ± 24.76	23.24 ± 23.11	0.113
GGT, U/L	22.74 ± 25.62	22.21 ± 20.17	0.138	21.79 ± 25.47	22.47 ± 20.53	0.143
Fatty liver index	25.73 ± 23.03	24.85 ± 24.05	0.023	24.48 ± 23.63	25.25 ± 23.87	0.103
FIB-4	1.46 ± 0.74	1.23 ± 0.61	< 0.001	1.30 ± 0.61	1.30 ± 0.62	0.550
FIB-4 > 2	1739 (15.55)	578(10.20)	< 0.0001	558 (11.13)	576 (11.49)	0.5703
Other parameters
Carotid plaque	3684 (32.93)	1266 (22.34)	< 0.001	1253 (24.99)	1250 (24.93)	0.945

Data are n (%). PSM: Propensity score matching; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; CHO: Cholesterol; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4; GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; TG: triglycerides; WC: Waist circumference.