Rifaximin on epigenetics and autophagy in animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

Table 5 Comparison between the animals that developed and did not develop hepatocellular carcinoma

Variables1	HCC (n = 11), median (min–max)	No HCC (n = 11), median (min–max)	P value
miR-122	4.49 (1.20–11.8)	1.41 (0.34–5.98)	0.029a
miR-375	0.64 (0.14–1.76)	0.72 (0.30–2.42)	0.512
miR-26b	1.10 (0.46–3.38)	1.23 (0.59–3.99)	0.656
miR-224	1.40 (0.13–5.94)	0.82 (0.41–2.45)	0.545
miR-34a	7.73 (2.29–18.9)	1.79 (0.14–10.5)	0.012a
miR-21	1.92 (0.84–6.08)	1.46 (0.34–2.13)	0.109
miR-143	1.08 (0.17–5.16)	1.13 (0.25–3.67)	0.756
miR-155	0.66 (0.01–1.46)	0.60 (0.03–1.95)	0.349
miR-33a	0.66 (0.52–1.86)	1.40 (0.34–2.64)	0.200
Mm2	18.4 (0.25–62.2)	1.17 (0.03–5.15)	0.017a
Mm9	23.6 (1.32–76.8)	2.76 (0.02–14.6)	0.013a
Afp	3.23 (0.00–19.8)	0.62 (0.18–2.76)	0.190
Tuba1c	7.12 (0.12–27.8)	0.76 (0.12–3.71)	0.017a
Aldob	2.32 (0.00–9.92)	1.35 (0.00–5.78)	0.549
Becn1	0.68 (0.44–0.87)	0.88 (0.66–1.39)	0.004a
p62/Sqstm1	0.65 (0.32–1.06)	0.92 (0.59–1.31)	0.052
Map1lc3b	0.25 (0.19–0.37)	0.86 (0.21–1.53)	0.004a
Ezh2	28.4 (25.8–30.1)	30.2 (27.2–31.8)	0.010a
Carm1	0.69 (0.37–1.67)	1.10 (0.56–1.68)	0.026a
p62/SQSTM1 protein	1.27 (0.16–2.39)	2.87 (1.19–9.12)	0.013a
MAP1LC3B protein	1.29 (0.57–4.78)	2.10 (0.86–5.05)	0.183

¹Variables expressed by median (25^th–75^th percentiles).

^aP < 0.05 is considered significant.

Aldob: Aldolase B; Afp: Alpha-fetoprotein; Becn-1: Beclin-1; Carm1: Coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase-1; Ezh-2: Enhancer of zeste homolog-2; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Map1lc3b: Autophagy-related factor LC3A/B; Mmp: Metalloproteinases; p62/Sqstm1: P62/sequestosome-1; RIF: Rifaximin; Tuba1c: Tubulin alpha 1c.