Prognostic and diagnostic scoring models in acute alcohol-associated hepatitis: A review comparing the performance of different scoring systems

Table 1 Alcohol-associated hepatitis diagnosis probability in clinically suspected Alcohol-associated hepatitis[11]

Category	Potential confounding factors1	Biopsy indication
Definite AAH	N/A	AAH clinically diagnosed and biopsy proven. Biopsy may inform of the mechanism of injury
Probable AAH	No confounding factors	AAH clinically diagnosed, biopsy not indicated
Possible AAH	Potential confounding factor present	AAH clinically diagnosed but biopsy is indicated for confirmation

¹Potential confounding factors: (1) Possible ischemic hepatitis (hypotension, severe upper gastrointestinal bleed, cocaine use within 7 d); (2) Possible metabolic liver disease (Wilson disease, alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency); (3) Hepatotoxic medication within 30 d of onset of jaundice (drug-induced liver injury); (4) Uncertain alcohol intake (if the patient denies excessive alcohol use); (5) Atypical liver function test pattern (aspartate aminotransferase < 50 or > 400 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase < 1.5); and (6) positive antinuclear antibody ANA > 1:160 or smooth muscle antibody SMA > 1:80; AAH: Alcohol-associated hepatitis.