Main factors influencing long-term outcomes of liver transplantation in 2022

Table 1 Screening protocols proposal for the surveillance of de novo neoplasms in liver transplantation population

Malignancy	Screening proposal
Skin cancer	Annual dermatological visit[4], shorter follow up interval for high risk patients (i.e. every six months)
Lung cancer	Annual thoracic X-Ray; CT-scan in active or past smokers[282]
Colorectal cancer	Perform baseline colonoscopy on patients > 50 years old; annual fecal occult blood test in younger patients or if colonoscopy is negative; annual colonoscopy if patient affected by PSC + inflammatory bowel disease[1]
Ear, nose, and throat cancers	Annual otolaryngological visit in patient with active or past alcohol and/or smoking habit[124]
Renal cancer	Annual abdominal ultrasound
Cervical cancer	Annual papanicolau-test; annual gynecological visit
Breast cancer	Annual mammography, ultrasound evaluation if needed
Prostate cancer	Annual PSA and PSA ratio evaluation

CT: Computed tomography; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; PSA: Prostate specific antigen.