Racial and gender-based disparities and trends in common psychiatric conditions in liver cirrhosis hospitalizations: A ten-year United States study

Table 2 Associations of common psychiatric conditions based on liver cirrhosis etiology compared against “other” causes of cirrhosis (viral, autoimmune and non-specified)

Variables	Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval	P value
GAD
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	1.79 [1.29-2.47]	P < 0.001
NAFLD cirrhosis	1.09 [0.69-1.73]	P = 0.690
Depression
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	1.18 [1.08-1.29]	P < 0.001
NAFLD cirrhosis	1.14 [1.01-1.28]	P = 0.025
Bipolar disorder
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	1.62 [1.34-1.96]	P < 0.001
NAFLD cirrhosis	1.37 [1.04-1.79]	P = 0.021
ADHD
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	1.02 [0.55-1.87]	P = 0.94
NAFLD cirrhosis	1.49 [0.65-3.41]	P = 0.34
Schizophrenia
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	1.09 [0.76-1.57]	P = 0.60
NAFLD cirrhosis	0.82 [0.45-1.47]	P = 0.51
Schizoaffective disorder
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	1.18 [0.71-1.94]	P = 0.50
NAFLD cirrhosis	0.41 [0.15-1.13]	P = 0.08
PTSD
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	1.57 [1.15-2.13]	P = 0.004
NAFLD cirrhosis	1.05 [0.65-1.69]	P = 0.81
Chronic Fatigue
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	0.16 [0.03-0.73]	P = 0.019
NAFLD cirrhosis	0.73 [0.24-2.20]	P = 0.58
Suicidal ideations
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	2.01 [1.33-3.04]	P = 0.001
NAFLD cirrhosis	0.51 [0.19-1.32]	P = 0.16

NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; GAD: Generalized anxiety disorder; PTSD: Post-traumatic stress disorder; ADHD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.