Evaluation of a protocol for rifaximin discontinuation in critically ill patients with liver disease receiving broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy

Table 1 Protocol-defined broad-spectrum antibiotic regimens

Monotherapy	Gram-positive/negative	Gram-positive	Gram-negative	Anaerobic
Ampicillin-sulbactam	Cefazolin	Vancomycin	Aminoglycosides	Metronidazole
Amoxicillin-clavulanate	Cephalexin	Linezolid	Polymyxin B and colistin	Clindamycin
Piperacillin-tazobactam	Cefuroxime	Daptomycin	Aztreonam
Cefoxitin	Cefdinir	Quinupristin-dalfopristin	Cefiderocol
Meropenem +/- vaborbactam	Cefixime	Rifampin
Imipinem-cilastatin +/- relebactam	Ceftazidime +/- avibactam	Rifabutin
Ertapenem	Ceftriaxone	Penicillins
Tigecycline	Cefepime
Eravacycline	Ceftaroline
	Ceftolozane-tazobactam
	Ciprofloxacin
	Levofloxacin
	Doxycycline
	Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim

Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy is defined as: (1) Any agent from “Monotherapy”; (2) one agent from each of “Gram-positive/negative” and “Anaerobic”; (3) one agent from each of “Gram-positive,” “Gram-negative,” and “Anaerobic.”