Liver disease epidemiology and burden in patients with alterations in plasma protein metabolism: German retrospective insurance claims analysis

Table 1 Demographics and baseline characteristics, n (%)

	Patients with APPM and liver disease: APPM cohort, n = 2680			Patients without APPM and with liver disease: Control cohort, n = 26299
	All patients, n = 2680	Patients with fibrosis, n = 96	Patients with cirrhosis, n = 26261
Total observed patient-years	6118	283	5944	70261
Median follow-up, yr (IQR)	1.5 (0.4-3.7)	2.3 (0.8-4.7)	1.5 (0.4-3.7)	2.0 (0.5-4.4)
Female sex2	840 (31.3)	41 (42.7)	815 (31.0)	8595 (32.7)
Median age, yr (IQR)3	63.0 (54.0-73.0)	64.5 (53.0-76.5)	63.0 (54.0-73.0)	65.0 (56.0-76.0)
0-14 yr	14 (0.5)	6 (6.3)	10 (0.4)	49 (0.2)
15-29 yr	10 (0.4)	0	10 (0.4)	156 (0.6)
30-44 yr	183 (6.8)	10 (10.4)	177 (6.7)	1420 (5.4)
45-59 yr	818 (30.5)	21 (21.9)	814 (31.0)	7516 (28.6)
60-74 yr	1046 (39.0)	31 (32.3)	1029 (39.2)	9564 (36.4)
75-89 yr	577 (21.5)	25 (26.0)	557 (21.2)	7090 (27.0)
≥ 90 yr	32 (1.2)	3 (3.1)	29 (1.1)	504 (1.9)
With care needs4	547 (20.4)	33 (34.3)	528 (20.1)	4934 (18.8)
Median CCI5 (IQR)	3.0 (1.0-5.0)	4.0 (1.5-6.0)	3.0 (1.0-5.0)	3.0 (1.0-5.0)
Most common liver-related comorbidities
“Other” liver disease6	679 (25.3)	26 (27.1)	669 (25.5)	6298 (23.9)
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	17 (0.6)	1 (1.0)	16 (0.6)	150 (0.6)
Chronic hepatitis	12 (0.5)	0	12 (0.5)	163 (0.6)
Respiratory system-related comorbidities	827 (30.9)	41 (42.7)	806 (30.7)	8333 (31.7)
Most common comorbidities
Hypertension	1751 (65.3)	64 (66.7)	1710 (65.1)	17278 (65.7)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	1103 (41.2)	40 (41.7)	1082 (41.2)	10766 (40.9)
Dyslipidaemia	832 (31.0)	35 (36.5)	813 (31.0)	8932 (34.0)
Alcohol-related disorders7	650 (24.3)	17 (17.7)	649 (24.7)	6127 (23.3)
Heart failure	605 (22.6)	21 (21.9)	591 (22.5)	6071 (23.1)

Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.

¹In total, 42 patients with fibrosis progressed to cirrhosis during follow-up and are included in both fibrosis and cirrhosis subgroups.

²Patients in the alterations in plasma protein metabolism (AAPM) cohort were significantly younger than patients in the control cohort (Wilcoxon rank-sum test: P < 0.001).

³There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of females between cohorts (Wilcoxon rank-sum test: P = 0.159).

⁴Dummy variable for patients who were classified in any of the five care levels which determine the benefits from long-term care insurance in Germany.

⁵Assessed based on diagnoses observed in the 12 mo before the index date.

⁶Captured using the K76 code in the German Modification of the International Classification of Diseases-10^th Revision, and includes central hemorrhagic necrosis of the liver, chronic congestive liver, fatty liver (not otherwise classified), hepatorenal syndrome, liver infarction, peliosis hepatis, portal hypertension, veno-occlusive liver disease and other/unspecified liver disease.

⁷Patients with alcohol-related disorders diagnosed before [1172 (43.7%)] and after [1042 (38.9%)] diagnosis of APPM were detected in the cohort with APPM and liver disease.

CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; IQR: Interquartile range.