Hereditary hemochromatosis: Temporal trends, sociodemographic characteristics, and independent risk factor of hepatocellular cancer – nationwide population-based study

doi:10.4254/wjh.v14.i9.1804

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Hepatol. Sep 27, 2022; 14(9): 1804-1816
Published online Sep 27, 2022. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i9.1804

Table 2 Comparison of hepatocellular carcinoma risk factors in hepatocellular carcinoma vs age-, sex-, and race matched non-hepatocellular carcinoma patients, Weighted NIS 2011 to 2019

Variables	HCC = No, n, %Weighted, N = 542280, %	HCC = Yes, n, %Weighted, N = 548773, %	P value¹
Hereditary hemochromatosis (without cirrhosis)	25 (0.005)	273 (0.05)	< 0.0001
Hereditary hemochromatosis (with cirrhosis)	55 (0.01)	651 (0.12)	< 0.0001
Alcoholic cirrhosis	8577 (1.58)	102871 (18.73)	< 0.0001
Non-alcoholic cirrhosis	9578 (1.75)	204717 (37.24)	< 0.0001
Biliary cirrhosis	193 (0.04)	2363 (0.43)	< 0.0001
Alcoholic liver disease	11551 (2.12)	105799 (19.27)	< 0.0001
NASH/NAFLD	6756 (1.24%)	46648 (8.52)	< 0.0001
Hepatitis B	2105 (0.39)	33358 (6.07)	< 0.0001
Hepatitis C	16857 (3.10)	210661 (38.40)	< 0.0001
Other viral hepatitis	4498 (0.83)	13317 (2.42)	< 0.0001
HIV	4679 (0.86)	7793 (1.42)	< 0.0001
HIV - Hepatitis B	246 (0.05)	1649 (0.30)	< 0.0001
HIV - Hepatitis C	1082 (0.20)	4834 (0.88)	< 0.0001
Obesity	76894 (14.12)	47330 (8.58)	< 0.0001
Diabetes mellitus with chronic complications	80055 (14.61)	69848 (12.64)	< 0.0001
Diabetes mellitus without chronic complications	110966 (20.51)	126860 (23.17)	< 0.0001
Hypertension	244715 (45.14)	216621 (39.45)	< 0.0001
Blood transfusion	14644 (2.65)	33381 (6.03)	< 0.0001
Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency	163 (0.03)	641 (0.12)	< 0.0001
Disorders of porphyrin metabolism	68 (0.01)	353 (0.06)	< 0.0001
Glycogen storage diseases	50 (0.01)	105 (0.02)	0.0482
Wilson disease	33 (0.01)	143 (0.03)	0.0002
Smoking	193145 (35.40)	218897 (39.76)	< 0.0001
Alcohol	44983 (8.26)	119704 (21.79)	< 0.0001
Cannabis	8334 (1.52)	8775 (1.60)	0.1650
opioids	11534 (2.11)	16261 (2.95)	< 0.0001

¹Pearson Chi-Square 2-tailed test for association of two categorical variables. HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; NIS: National inpatient sample; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Citation: Haider MB, Al Sbihi A, Chaudhary AJ, Haider SM, Edhi AI. Hereditary hemochromatosis: Temporal trends, sociodemographic characteristics, and independent risk factor of hepatocellular cancer – nationwide population-based study. World J Hepatol 2022; 14(9): 1804-1816
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v14/i9/1804.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v14.i9.1804