Effect of probiotics on hemodynamic changes and complications associated with cirrhosis: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Changes of the main indicators of the included patients after treatment

	The test arm (n = 24)	The control arm (n = 16)	P value
Body mass index, kg/m2	-0.2 (-0.9-1.5)	0.0 (0.0-0.5)	0.281
Child–Pugh score	-1.5 [-3.0-(-0.5)]	0 (-0.5-1.5)	0.001
Child–Pugh class (from B or C to A), n (%)	8 (33.3)	1 (6.3)	0.048
End-diastolic volume of the left ventricle, mL	-13 [-17-(-10)]	0 (-3-12)	< 0.001
Ejection fraction of the left ventricle, %	0.5 (-0.7-0.3)	0.0 (0.0-0.3)	0.590
Stroke volume, mL	-7 [-12-(-4)]	0 (-3-8)	< 0.001
Heart rate, bpm	2 (-4-8)	-2 (-7-7)	0.234
Cardiac output, L/min	-0.5 [-1.0-(-0.1)]	0.3 (-0.3-0.9)	0.026
Mean blood pressure, mmHg	1.8 (-1.7-7.5)	3.8 (-3.3-15.3)	0.847
Systemic vascular resistance, dyn· s· cm−5	237 (39-358)	30 (-200-227)	0.026
Mean pulmonary artery pressure, mmHg	0.0 (-2.1-0.6)	1.2 (0.0-1.8)	0.043
Esophageal varices, a decrease in grade, n (%)	2 (4.3)	0	0.354
Esophageal varices, an increase in grade, n (%)	0	0	-
Regression hepatic encephalopathy, n (%)	8 (33.3)	1 (6.3)	0,048
Ascites, a decrease in degree, n (%)	15 (62.4)	4 (25.0)	0.022
Ascites, an increase in degree, n (%)	1 (4.2)	3 (18.8)	0.167
Red blood cells as 1012 cell/L	0.2 (-0.1-0.5)	0.2 (-0.1-0.4)	0.730
White blood cells as 109 cell/L	0.1 (-1.2-0.6)	-0.1 (-2.1-0.7)	0.782
Platelets as 109 cell/ L	11 (4-32)	-6 (-14-1)	< 0.001
Serum total protein, g/L	-0.2 (-4.2-8.9)	-1.4 (-3.5-5.6)	0.793
Serum albumin, g/L	3.0 (0.6-7.7)	-3.1 (-5.1-2.4)	0.001
Serum total bilirubin, μmol/L	-5.1 [-23.9-(-0.9)]	-3.7 (-10.0-17.2)	0.181
International normalized ratio	0.0 (-0.1-0.1)	0.0 (-1.0-0.1)	0.544
Serum cholesterol, mmol/L	0.2 (-0.4-1.2)	0.5 (-1.0-2.0)	0.571
Serum triglyceride, mmol/L	0.1 (-0.2-0.2)	0.1 (-0.6-0.4)	0.836
Serum creatinine, mg/dL	2.4 (-9.1-8.1)	-3.5 (-11.2-4.2)	0.264
Serum sodium, mmol/L	1.5 (0.5-3.0)	-1 (-3-2)	0.048
Serum potassium, mmol/L	0.0 (-0.4-1.2)	0.1 (-0.2-0.3)	0.523
Serum glucose, mmol/L	0.4 (-0.1-0.7)	0.0 (-0.9-0.8)	0.423
Alanine aminotransferase, U/L	-1 (-15-6)	2 (-15-8)	0.740
Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L	-9 (-32-1)	-2 (-26-20)	0.116
Gamma glutamyl transferase, U/L	-8 (-171-11)	6 (-15-23)	0.039
Alkaline phosphatase, U/L	-40 (-95-3)	26 (-57-91)	0.016
Cholinesterase, U/L	257 (28-734)	-155 [-239-(-68)]	0.016
C-reactive protein, mg/L	-3.0 [-4.5-(-0.5)]	1.0 (-2.0-4.5)	0.044