Simple diagnostic algorithm identifying at-risk nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients needing specialty referral within the United States

Table 2 Demographics and summary statistics of the cohort with type 2 diabetes mellitus

	T2DM population	High risk patients	P value1
	N = 737	N = 42
Age (yr) — mean (95%CI)	60.3 (58.3-62.5)	62.7 (57.4-68.0)	0.48
Male — % (95%CI)	55.6 (47.2-63.8)	77.1 (55.6-90.0)	0.67
BMI (kg/m2) — mean (95%CI)	33.5 (32.2-34.8)	34.5 (30.9-38.1)	0.13
Race/Ethnicity — % (95%CI)
Non-Hispanic White	60.5 (53.6-66.9)	45.7 (25.5-67.4)	0.07
Non-Hispanic Black	13.2 (8.8-19.3)	5.7 (1.8-16.9)
Hispanic	15.2 (11.5-19.7)	26.5 (14.7-42.9)
Non-Hispanic Asian	4.9 (3.2-7.4)	3.7 (1.1-12.2)
Other	6.2 (4.1-9.4)	18.4 (4.3-53.4)
Comorbidities — % (95%CI)
T2DM	NA	NA	NA
Hypertension	80.5 (76.6-83.9)	95.7 (80.1-99.2)	0.64
Lab values — mean (95%CI)
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.48 (0.43-0.53)	0.56 (0.42-0.70)	0.18
AST (IU/L)	21.74 (20.58-22.89)	47.49 (38.36-56.61)	< 0.001
ALT (IU/L)	24.69 (22.83-26.56)	53.58 (43.19-63.98)	0.004
GGT (IU/L)	34.66 (32.51-36.81)	69.21 (47.44-90.98)	0.005
Albumin (g/dL)	3.99 (3.94-4.05)	4.11 (4.01-4.20)	0.46
Alkaline (IU/L)	83.36 (79.97-86.75)	82.85 (71.44-94.26)	0.46
LSM (kPa)	7.32 (6.47-8.18)	14.45 (8.62-20.27)	0.005
CAP (dB/m)	308.21 (302.05-314.37)	333.66 (320.14-347.17)	0.02

¹P value comparing at-risk group (N = 42) vs low-risk group (N = 43). AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; CAP: Controlled attenuated parameter; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; LSM: Liver stiffness measure; NA: Not available; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.