Pre-sarcopenia and Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer as predictors of recurrence and prognosis of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	HCV-positive (n = 83)	HCV-negative (n = 77)	P value
Sex (male/female)	45/38	50/27	0.20
Age (years)1	70 (44-90)	64 (41-88)	< 0.01
Tumor factors
Tumor number (solitary/multiple)	63/20	68/9	0.07
Tumor size (mm)1	17 (8-30)	15 (6-30)	0.05
Tumor form (only boundary/others)	67/16	68/9	0.20
Stage (LCSG) (I/II/III)	39/38/6	45/27/5	0.35
Liver function
Child-Pugh Score (5-6/7-9)	66/17	66/11	< 0.01
ALBI grade (1/2-3)	27/56	43/34	0.41
Blood data
Platelet (×104/µL)1	10.2 (2.7-43.7)	11.8 (3.7-36.8)	0.04
AST (U/L)1	56 (18-139)	39 (16-100)	< 0.01
ALT (U/L)1	49 (12-155)	30 (9-87)	< 0.01
FIB-4 index1	5.90 (0.96-37.86)	3.61 (0.88-14.16)	< 0.01
APRI1	2.00 (0.15-15.06)	1.08 (0.28-4.32)	< 0.01
PT (%)1	84.6 (48.6-125.0)	81.3 (51.8-117.1)	0.51
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)1	0.9 (0.2-2.8)	0.9 (0.4-2.7)	0.56
Albumin (g/dL)1	3.7 (2.2-4.7)	4.0 (2.4-5.0)	< 0.01
AFP (ng/mL)1	17.4 (3.0-621.6)	6.4 (1.3-1962.9)	< 0.01
DCP (mAU/mL)1	23 (4-1086)	22 (7-6308)	0.66
AFP-L3 (%)1	5.1 (< 0.5-69.1)	< 0.5 (< 0.5-85.6)	0.03
M2BPGi (COI)1	4.94 (0.78-17.81)	1.86 (0.36-10.23)	< 0.01
M2BP (ng/mL)1	5385 (1460-22770)	2745 (865-12150)	< 0.01
SMI (cm2/m2)1	5.28 (2.62-11.75)	6.51 (2.58-10.89)	< 0.01
Pre-sarcopenia, n (%)	21 (25.3)	14 (18.2)	0.34
Observation period (mo)1	46 (6-157)	56 (6-185)	0.19

¹Median (range).

APRI (AST to platelet ratio index) = AST/platelet. FIB4 index = (age × AST)/(platelet × alanine aminotransferase × 0.5). HCV: hepatitis C virus; LCSG: liver cancer study group; ALBI: albumin-bilirubin; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; PT: prothrombin time; AFP: alfa-fetoprotein; DCP: des-γ-carboxyprothrombin; M2BPGi: Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer; M2BP: Mac-2 binding protein; SMI: skeletal muscle mass index.