Cardiac risk factors limiting survival to liver transplantation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Patient characteristics with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease listed for liver transplant

Variable	Total (n = 265)	Transplanted (n = 197)		Not transplanted due to death or clinical deterioration (n = 68)		P value
Demographics
Age (yr)	63.1 [57.4, 67.2]	197	62.8 [56.6, 66.7]	68	64.1 [59.6, 68.5]	0.060a
Sex		197		68		0.42b
Female	137 (51.7)		99 (50.3)		38 (55.9)
Male	128 (48.3)		98 (49.7)		30 (44.1)
Model for End-Stage Liver Disease	17.0 [13.0, 24.0]	197	17.0 [13.0, 24.0]	68	18 [12.0, 24.5]	0.44a
Body mass index (kg/m2)	31.6 [28.3, 37.2]	197	32.2 [28.3, 36.8]	68	31.3 [28.2, 38.6]	0.79a
Comorbid Conditions
Renal replacement therapy	32 (12.1)	197	24 (12.2)	68	8 (11.8)	0.93b
Hypertension	152 (57.4)	197	113 (57.4)	68	39 (57.4)	0.99b
Obstructive sleep apnea	62 (23.4)	197	40 (20.3)	68	22 (32.4)	0.043b
Cardiac disease
Atrial fibrillation/Atrial flutter	8 (3.0)	197	5 (2.5)	67	3 (4.5)	0.42c
Heart failure	18 (6.9)	194	10 (5.2)	68	8 (11.8)	0.091c
Left ventricular ejection fraction	65.0 [61.0, 70.0]	196	66.0 [61.5, 70.5]	67	65.0 [61.0, 70.0]	0.80a
Estimated right ventricular systolic pressure	31.0 [25.0, 36.0]	142	30.0 [25.0, 35.0]	48	34.0 [26.5, 38.5]	0.012a
Aortic stenosis	8 (3.0)	197	7 (3.6)	68	1 (1.5)	0.68c
Aortic insufficiency	2 (0.75)	197	1 (0.51)	68	1 (1.5)	0.45c
Mitral regurgitation	4 (1.5)	197	3 (1.5)	68	1 (1.5)	0.99c
Tricuspid regurgitation	8 (3.0)	197	4 (2.0)	68	4 (5.9)	0.21b
CAD		197		68		0.12b
No significant CAD	196 (74.0)		152 (77.2)		44 (64.7)
Mild or Moderate CAD	45 (17.0)		30 (15.2)		15 (22.1)
Severe CAD	24 (9.1)		15 (7.6)		9 (13.2)
History of myocardial infarction	12 (4.5)	197	7 (3.6)	68	5 (7.4)	0.19c
History of coronary artery stenting	13 (4.9)	197	8 (4.1)	68	5 (7.4)	0.33c
History of coronary artery bypass grafting	11 (4.2)	197	7 (3.6)	68	4 (5.9)	0.48c
Lab values
Hemoglobin A1c		125		46		0.37b
< 5.6	59 (34.5)		47 (37.6)		12 (26.1)
5.6-6.5	62 (36.3)		43 (34.4)		19 (41.3)
> 6.5	50 (29.2)		35 (28.0)		15 (32.6)
High-density lipoprotein		188		63		0.31b
≥ 50	75 (29.9)		53 (28.2)		22 (34.9)
< 50	176 (70.1)		135 (71.8)		41 (65.1)
Triglycerides		190		65		0.37c
≤ 150	240 (94.1)		177 (93.2)		63 (96.9)
> 150	15 (5.9)		13 (6.8)		2 (3.1)

^aWilcoxon Rank Sum test.

^bPearson's chi-square test.

^cFisher's Exact test. Statistics presented as Median [P25, P75] and n (column %). CAD: Coronary artery disease.