Prospective validation to prevent symptomatic portal vein thrombosis after liver resection

Table 1 Risk factors associated with portal vein thrombosis after liver resection

Variables	Univariate analyses			Multivariate analyses
	PVT (+), n = 8	PVT (-), n = 227	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Back ground characteristics
Age	69.9 ± 3.4	67.8 ± 0.6	0.54
Male sex	4 (50.0%)	181 (79.7%)	0.04	0.25	0.05-1.29	0.10
Hepatocellular carcinoma (+)	7 (87.5%)	190 (73.7%)	0.77
Multiple tumor	2 (25.0%)	72 (31.7%)	0.69
Heavy drinker	2 (25.0%)	55 (24.2%)	0.96
Portal vein embolization	0	12 (5.3%)	0.50
Body mass index	24.8 ± 1.2	23.7 ± 0.2	0.39
Preoperative anticoagulant therapy	1 (12.5%)	10 (4.4%)	0.29	7.95	0.32-106.81	0.17
Diabetes mellitus	2 (25.0%)	92 (40.5%)	0.38
HBsAg (+)	1 (12.5%)	39 (17.2%)	0.73
HCVAb (+)	2 (25.0%)	52 (22.9%)	0.89
Platelet count as × 104/μL	18.6 ± 7.8	21.4 ± 1.5	0.72
Albumin in g/dL	4.2 ± 0.2	4.2 ± 0.03	0.79
Total bilirubin in mg/dL	0.7 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.03	0.92
Prothrombin time, %	93.8 ± 3.8	93.4 ± 0.7	0.94
D-dimer in ng/mL	1.7 ± 0.8	1.7 ± 0.2	0.97
ICGR15, %	15.0 ± 2.2	11.7 ± 0.4	0.14	0.91	0.82-1.02	0.09
Liver damage B	0	10 (6.3%)	0.53
Procedure
Anatomical resection	6 (75.0%)	159 (70.0%)	0.76
Segmentectomy	0	48 (21.2%)	0.14
Sectiontectomy	6 (75.0%)	55 (24.2%)	0.001	12.20	2.22-115.97	0.003
Hemihepatectomy	0	56 (24.7%)	0.11
Surgical outcomes
Operatin time in min	324 ± 40	374 ± 8	0.21
Hepatic clamping time in min	76 ± 15	89 ± 3	0.38	1.01	0.99-1.03	0.56
Blood loss in g	517 ± 186	455 ± 35	0.74
RBC transfusion	1 (12.5%)	13 (5.7%)	0.43
Surgical results
Complication CD ≥ 3a	3 (37.5%)	50 (22.0%)	0.30
Bile leakage	2 (25.0%)	26 (11.5%)	0.25	3.12	0.35-21.58	0.28
Mortality	0	2 (0.9%)	0.79
Histological cirrhosis	1 (12.5%)	32 (14.1%)	0.90

CD: Clavian-Dindo classification; CI: Confidence interval; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HCVAb: Hepatitis C virus antibody; OR: Odds ratio; PVT: Portal vein thrombosis; RBC: Red blood cell.