Fertaric acid amends bisphenol A-induced toxicity, DNA breakdown, and histopathological changes in the liver, kidney, and testis

Table 5 Liver DNA content in different groups

Control				BPA				FA + BPA
Range	Total cells	% cells	DNA index	Range	Total cells	% cells	DNA index	Range	Total cells	% cells	DNA index
All	111	100.0%	1.000	All	106	100.0%	2.374	All	107	100.0%	1.923
5cER	0	0.0%	-	5cER	39	36.79%	2.948	5cER	11	10.28%	2.815
< 1.5c	24	21.62%	0.679	< 1.5c	0	0.0%	-	< 1.5c	0	0.0%	-
1.5c-2.5c	73	65.77%	1.031	1.5c-2.5c	24	22.64%	1.045	1.5c-2.5c	36	33.65%	1.181
2.5c-3.5c	13	11.71%	1.359	2.5c-3.5c	10	9.43%	1.558	2.5c-3.5c	17	15.89%	1.595
3.5c-4.5c	1	0.90%	1.779	3.5c-4.5c	33	31.13%	2.033	3.5c-4.5c	43	40.19%	2.273

Number of animals = 6 rats/group. The results are presented as a frequency histogram on the monitor generated by plotting the DNA content against the number of nuclei calculated. 2c: Diploid cells containing two copies of DNA; 3c: Proliferation index (S-phase cells containing three strands of DNA); 4c: Tetraploid cells containing four copies of DNA; > 4c: Cells with more than 4c DNA content; < 1.5c: Cells containing less than 1.5c DNA content. FA: Fertaric acid; BPA: Bisphenol A.