Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: A promising therapeutic option for advanced disease

Table 1 Clinical trial involving immunotherapic agents as adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Trial	Included population	Immunotherapy regimen	Target	Control arm	Primary outcome	Sample size
CHECKMATE-9DX (NCT03383458)	Patients at high risk of recurrence after resection or ablation	Nivolumab	PD-1	Placebo	RFS	530
KEYNOTE-937 (NCT03867084)	Patients with complete radiological response after resection or ablation	Pembrolizumab	PD-1	Placebo	RFS, OS	950
EMERALD-2 (NCT03847428)	Patients at high risk of recurrence after resection or ablation	Durvalumab plus bevacizumab anddurvalumab plus placebo	PD-L1	Placebo plus placebo	RFS	888
IMBRAVE-050 (NCT04102098)	Patients at high risk of recurrence after resection or ablation	Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab	PD-L1	Active surveillance	RFS	662

PD-1: Programmed cell death protein 1; RFS: Recurrence-free survival; OS: Overall survival.