Metabolic and nutritional triggers associated with increased risk of liver complications in SARS-CoV-2

Table 1 Nutritional recommendations for patients suffering with chronic hepatic disease[44,45,95]

Nutrients	ESPEN 2019	ESPEN 2020		Critical care medicine 2020
		Non-obese	Obese
Calories	30 kcal/kg per day to 35 kcal/kg per day	30 kcal/kg per day to 35 kcal/kg per day	25 kcal/kg per day	30 kcal/kg per day to 35 kcal/kg per day; Glycaemic target at 110 mg/dL to 180 mg/dL
Protein	1.2 g/kg per day to 1.5 g/kg per day	1.2 g/kg per day to 1.5 g/kg per day	2.0 g/kg per day to 2.5 g/kg per day	1.5 g/kg per day to 2.0 g/kg per day
EN + BCAA	0.20 g/kg to 0.25 g/kg	Not routinely recommended		0.2 g/kg to 0.25 g/kg

BCAA: Branched chain amino acids; EN: Enteral nutrition.