Dried blood spot sampling as an alternative for the improvement of hepatitis B and C diagnosis in key populations

Table 1 Main sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of chronic kidney disease individuals, people living with human immunodeficiency virus and coagulopathy individuals

Variable		I_CKD	P_HIV	I_COAG
		n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Gender	Female	101 (37.3)	37 (38.9)	1 (2.0)
	Male	170 (62.7)	58 (61.1)	50 (98.0)
Age	18-30	19 (7.0)	9 (9.5)	25 (50.0)
	30+	253 (93.0)	86 (90.5)	25 (50.0)
Marital status	Married	132 (49.3)	31 (35.2)	17 (33.3)
	Not married	136 (50.7)	57 (64.8)	34 (66.7)
Race	White	71 (27.6)	29 (46.0)	14 (29.2)
	Black	186 (72.4)	34 (54.0)	34 (70.8)
Length of education	Up to 8 yr	136 (51.1)	36 (38.7)	14 (27.5)
	9 or more	130 (48.9)	57 (61.3)	37 (72.5)
Acupuncture	Yes	21 (7.8)	9 (9.5)	15 (29.4)
	No	247 (92.2)	86 (90.5)	36 (70.6)
Tattoo	Yes	27 (10.1)	29 (31.2)	6 (12.0)
	No	240 (89.9)	64 (68.8)	44 (88.0)
Piercing	Yes	9 (3.4)	7 (7.5)	2 (4.1)
	No	259 (96.6)	86 (92.5)	47 (95.9)
Shared nail cutters/razor/toothbrush	Yes	190 (66.9)	70 (74.5)	22 (43.1)
	No	94 (33.1)	24 (25.5)	29 (56.9)
Blood or plasma transfusion	Yes	169 (63.3)	16 (17.2)	35 (70.0)
	No	98 (36.7)	77 (82.8)	15 (30.0)
Transfusion before 1994	Yes	34 (12.8)	7 (7.5)	25 (49.0)
	No	231 (87.2)	86 (92.5)	26 (51.0)
HBV vaccine	Yes	206 (72.5)	41 (43.2)	36 (70.6)
	No	78 (27.5)	54 (56.8)	15 (29.4)
Use of illicit drugs	Yes	18 (6.9)	22 (23.9)	6 (12.2)
	No	244 (93.1)	70 (76.1)	43 (87.8)
History of STI	Yes	61 (23.0)	44 (51.8)	10 (20.0)
	No	204 (77.0)	41 (48.2)	40 (80.0)
Alcohol consumption	Yes	48 (18.0)	31 (41.3)	30 (60.0)
	No	219 (82.0)	44 (58.7)	20 (40.0)
Condom use	Frequent	66 (25.6)	57 (64.0)	18 (39.1)
	Infrequent	192 (74.4)	32 (36.0)	28 (60.9)
Hemodialysis per week	3 times	236 (89.4)	-	-
	4 times or more	28 (10.6)	-	-
Hemodialysis time (mo)		76.1 (80.1)	-	-
Coagulopathy	Hemophilia	-	-	47 (92.2)
	von Willebrand 3	-	-	4 (7.8)
Type of hemophilia	Deficiency factor VIII	-	-	39 (84.8)
	Factor IV deficiency	-	-	7 (15.2)
Severity	Mild/moderate	-	-	13 (28.3)
	Serious	-	-	33 (71.7)
Inhibitory antibodies	Present	-	-	5 (11.4)
	Absent	-	-	39 (88.6)

I_CKD: Chronic kidney disease individuals; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; I_COAG: Coagulopathy individuals; P_HIV: People living with human immunodeficiency virus; STI: Sexually transmitted infection.