Biliary complications in recipients of living donor liver transplantation: A single-centre study

Table 1 Descriptive categorical data for the whole study population

Variable		n (%)
Etiology of cirrhosis	HCV	148 (87.6)
	HBV	5 (3)
	Combined HCV & HBV	4 (2.4)
	Others	12 (7.1)
Hepatocellular carcinoma	-	109 (64.5)
	+	60 (35.5)
Donors’ gender	Male	141 (83.4)
	Female	28 (16.6)
Recipients’ gender	Male	150 (88.8)
	Female	19 (11.2)
HCV PCR viremia prior to transplantation	Negative	33 (19.52)
	Below 200 000 IU	59 (34.91)
	200000 to 2 million	69 (40.82)
	More than 2 million	8 (4.73)
Antiviral treatment for HCV prior to transplantation	-	138 (81.7)
	+	31 (18.3)
Arterial complications	-	155 (91.7)
	+	14 (8.3)
Number of anastomosis	1 Anastomosis	109 (64.5)
	2 Anastomosis	57 (33.7)
	3 Anastomosis	3 (1.8)
Number of ducts	1 Duct	78 (46.2)
	2 Ducts	78 (46.2)
	3 Ducts	12 (7.1)
	4 Ducts	1 (0.6)
Number of stents introduced at surgery	Nil	7 (4.1)
	1 Stent	71 (42)
	2 Stents	79 (46.7)
	3 Stents	11 (6.5)
	4 Stents	1 (0.6)
Immunosuppressant	Tacrolimus	118 (69.8)
	Cyclosporine	51 (30.2)
Biliary leakage	-	114 (67.5)
	+	55 (32.5)
Need of pigtail catheter for biloma	-	46 (83.6)
	+	9 (16.4)
Biliary infection	-	72 (42.6)
	+	97 (57.4)
Frequency of biliary infection	1-2 Episodes	84 (49.7)
	≥ 3 Episodes	13 (7.7)
Biliary stricture	-	109 (64.5)
	+	60 (35.5)
Frequency of biliary stricture	1-2 Episodes	43 (25.4)
	≥ 3 Episodes	17 (10.1)
Need for ERCP	-	109 (64.5)
	+	60 (35.5)
Frequency of ERCP	1-2 ERCP	42 (24.9)
	≥ 3 ERCP	18 (10.7)
Need for PTC	-	161 (95.3)
	+	8 (4.7)
Frequency of PTC	1 PTC	7 (4.1)
	2 PTC	1 (0.6)
Surgical intervention for stricture	-	168 (99.4)
	+	1 (0.6)
HCV PCR during occurrence of stricture	Negative	15 (25)
	Below 200 000 IU	15 (25)
	200000 to 2 million	19 (31.7)
	More than 2 million	11 (18.3)
HCV antiviral treatment in relation to stricture diagnosis	No treatment	27 (45)
	Before stricture	14 (23.3)
	During occurrence of stricture	13 (21.7)
	After stricture	6 (10)
Admission related to BC	-	95 (56.2)
	+	74 (43.8)
Mortality	-	141 (83.4)
	+	28 (16.6)
Cause of mortality (total number: 28)	Biliary sepsis	5 (17.9)
	Graft rejection	4 (14.3)
	Recurrent HCV	3 (10.7)
	Other causes	16 (57.1)
Chronic rejection	-	142 (84)
	+	27 (16)
Recurrent HCV infection	-	128 (75.7)
	+	41 (24.3)
Resolution of recurrent HCV	-	4 (9.8)
	+	37 (90.2)
Graft failure	-	149 (88.2)
	+	20 (11.8)
Causes of graft failure (total number: 20)	Biliary sepsis	5 (25)
	Graft rejection	6 (30)
	Recurrent HCV	3 (15)
	Other causes	6 (30)
Early biliary infection (total = 97)	-	6 (6.18)
	+	91 (93.81)
Early biliary stricture (total = 60)	-	45 (75)
	+	15 (25)

Data presented in number (n) and percentage (%). HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; PTC: Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography; BC: Biliary complication.