Liver involvement in inflammatory bowel disease: What should the clinician know?

Table 1 Main liver comorbidities associated with inflammatory bowel disease

Associated diseases	Prevalence in IBD (%)	Notes
PSC	0.024-0.041	Higher risk of cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal cancer; IBD shows less severe lesions than IBD alone
NAFLD	20-30	Associated with the use of corticosteroids, long disease duration, severe disease course; Associated with metabolic syndrome
Viral hepatitis	1-9	More common in the elderly; Association with advanced liver fibrosis; Need for anti-viral treatment before starting immunosuppressive drugs; HBV vaccine recommended

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.