Surgical treatment of gallbladder cancer: An eight-year experience in a single center

Table 2 Operative factors

Case	Surgical approach (Primary or two-stage)	Surgical procedures			Caudate Lobectomy (Yes or No)	Graphic/Surgical R03(Curative resection) (Yes or No)	Postoperative complications
		Resected area1	Intentional LN dissection2 (Yes or No)	EHBD resection (Yes or No)
							POD	Grade4
1	Primary	LC	No	No	No	Yes	-	-
2	Primary	LC	No	No	No	Yes	-	-
3	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Intraperitoneal abscess (8)	3a
4	Primary	LC	No	No	No	Yes	-	-
5	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy	No	No	No	Yes	-	-
6	Two-stage	Wedge resection	Yes	No	No	Yes	-	-
7	Two-stage	Wedge resection	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	-	-
8	Two-stage	Wedge resection	Yes	No	No	Yes	Intraperitoneal abscess (8)	2
9	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy	No	No	No	No	Intraperitoneal abscess (20)	3a
10	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy	No	No	No	No	-	-
11	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy	Yes	Yes	No	No	-	-
12	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy	No	No	No	Yes	-	-
13	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy + SSpPD	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Intraperitoneal abscess (14)	2
14	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy + SSpPD + partial resection of the portal vein	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	-	-
15	Primary	LC	No	No	No	Yes	-	-
16	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy + SSpPD	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Pancreatitis (21)	2
17	Primary	Right hepatectomy + SSpPD	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Pancreatic fistula (14)	3b
18	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy+partial hepatectomy	Yes	No	No	Yes	-	-
19	Primary	Extended cholecystectomy + SSpPD	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	-	-

¹Extended cholecystectomy was the primary whole-layer resection with partial hepatectomy, and the wedge resection was partial hepatectomy of the gallbladder bed at two-stage surgery.

²Intentional dissection of parabiliary, paraarterial and periportal venous lymph nodes.

³R0 means no remnant of gallbladder cancer by curative resection, according to the Japanese guideline (General rules for clinical and pathological studies on cancer of the biliary tract).

⁴Grading according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. EHBD: Extrahepatic bile duct; LC: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; LN: Lymph node; POD: Postoperative day; SSpPD: Subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy.