Ipragliflozin-induced improvement of liver steatosis in obese mice may involve sirtuin signaling

Figure 5 Hepatic mRNA expression of genes related to β-oxidation, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine, and macrophage marker in obese mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates. A: Hepatic mRNA expression of acyl-CoA oxidase 1 in obese (ob/ob) mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; B: Hepatic mRNA expression of acyl-CoA synthetase in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; C: Hepatic mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; D: Hepatic mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; E: Hepatic mRNA expression of NADPH oxidase 2 in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; F: Hepatic mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; G: Hepatic mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase 1 in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; H: Hepatic mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase 2 in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; I: Hepatic mRNA expression of interleukin-1β in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates; J: Hepatic mRNA expression of F4/80 in ob/ob mice treated with or without ipragliflozin and their lean littermates. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs the ob/ob group. NS: Not significant; ob/ob: Obese; Ipra: Ipragliflozin; ACOX1: Acyl-CoA oxidase 1; ACS: Acyl-CoA synthetase; CPT-1: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1; CPT-2: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2; GPx-1: Glutathione peroxidase 1; IL-1β: Interleukin-1β; Ipra: Ipragliflozin; Nox2: NADPH oxidase 2; SOD-1: Superoxide dismutase 1; SOD-2: Superoxide dismutase 2. n = 8.