Obeticholic acid attenuates human immunodeficiency virus/alcohol metabolism-induced pro-fibrotic activation in liver cells

Figure 4 Restorative effects of obeticholic acid on proteasomal and lysosomal activities in acetaldehyde-generating system-human immunodeficiency virus-exposed Huh7. 5-CYP cells. A: Chymotrypsin-like activity, proteasome; B: Trypsin-like activity, proteasome; C: Cathepsin B activity, lysosome; D: Cathepsin L activity, lysosome. All data were obtained from 3 independent experiments and presented as mean ± SEM. Bars with different letters are significantly different at P ≤ 0.05. AGS: Acetaldehyde-generating system; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; OCA: Obeticholic acid.