Severe COVID-19 after liver transplantation, surviving the pitfalls of learning on-the-go: Three case reports

Figure 1 Clinical evolution of each case in a chronological perspective. A: (Case 1) Although the first reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was negative for the first few days, dyspnea became worse requiring intensive care unit admission. A single dose of lopinavir/ritonavir was administered on day 7; B: (Case 2) A dose of tocilizumab was administered on day 33. The patient improved progressively until he was discharged home; and C: (Case 3) A dose of tocilizumab was administered on day 28. The patient suffered a progressive worsening. A tracheoesophageal fistula was detected and an oesophageal prosthesis was placed. In addition, a venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was implemented to improve the patient's oxygenation. BAL: Bronchoalveolar lavage; ICU: Intensive care unit; IMV: Invasive mechanical ventilation; LPV/r: Lopinavir/ritonavir; NIV: Non-invasive ventilation; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; vv-ECMO: Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.