Epidemiology and outcomes of acute liver failure in Australia

Table 2 Demographics and aetiology of acute liver failure managed at the Victorian Liver Transplant Unit in a historical cohort^† compared to current series

	1988-20011 (n = 80)		2002-2017 (n = 169)		P value
	n	%	n	%
Referral rate2, median [IQR]	1.2 [0.6;1.6]		1.6 [1.3;1.7]		0.020
Age, yr, median [IQR]	36 [27.0;48.0]		40 [30.0;52.0]		0.168
Gender
Male	16	20.0	37	21.9
Female	64	80.0	132	78.1	0.733
Aetiology
Paracetamol	29	36.3	84	49.7	0.046
Viral hepatitis	11	13.8	26	15.3	0.734
Hepatitis B	8	10.0	20	11.8	0.669
Hepatitis A	3	3.8	4	2.4	0.538
Varicella zoster	0	0.0	1	0.1	0.491
Herpes simplex	0	0.0	1	0.1	0.491
Non-paracetamol drug/toxin	5	6.3	17	10.1	0.323
Indeterminate	27	33.8	21	12.4	<0.001
Autoimmune hepatitis	0	0.0	9	5.3	0.036
Other	8	10.0	12	7.1	0.432
Waitlisted for transplantation	35	43.8	59	33.5	0.179
Waitlist mortality	9	25.7	8	13.6	0.139
Liver transplantation	26	32.5	42	24.9	0.206
Transplant-free survival	30	37.5	88	52.1	0.032
Overall hospital survival	50	62.5	122	72.2	0.122

¹Gow et al[12], 2001;

²Referral rate per million population per year. IQR: Interquartile range.