Minireviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Hepatol. Jul 27, 2019; 11(7): 574-585
Published online Jul 27, 2019. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i7.574
Table 1 Report of studies referring to 3D printing applications in liver diseases
Authors[REF], yearStudy typeField of applicationImaging toolsOutcome
Zein et al[19], 2013Case seriesPPCT and MRIAccurate in providing liver volume and size
measurement
Takagi et al[20], 2014Case reportPP, TPCTReported reproducibility of the model and possible future aid to surgical procedures
Igami et al[21], 2014Case reportPPCTHelpful in preoperative planning. Detects small tumors invisible with intraoperative US
Watson[36], 2014Case seriesETCT and MRIAbility of creating patient-simulated 3D printed
liver models at low cost
Baimakhanov et al[22], 2015Case reportPP (transplantation)CTHelpful in preoperative planning and surgical training
Xiang et al[23], 2015Case reportPP (hepatectomy for tumor)CTHelpful in preoperative planning
Dhir et al[33], 2015Cohort studyET, TPMRCPAccurate understanding liver anatomy
Souzaki et al[24], 2015Case reportPPCTAssists surgical planning understanding of the anatomy
Soejima et al[25], 2016Case reportPPCTUseful for small infants or neonates Realistic liver graft that is helpful in optimizing the procedure
Leng et al[26], 2016Case reportPPCTCould be useful in reducing radiation dose and detecting small liver lesions
Kong et al[35], 2016RCT, Cohort studyET, TPCTΑnatomy teaching and significantly improved knowledge
Kong et al[34], 2016RCT, Cohort studyET, TPCTΤeaching of hepatic segments
Burdall et al[41], 2016Cohort studyTPCR, MRIScored 5.6/10 for fidelity, 6.2/10 for complexity and 7.36/10 for usefulness. All would suggest it and think it is reproducible
Takao et al[42], 2016Case seriesTPCTHigh accuracy of 3D
Koganemaru et al[45], 2016Case reportPPCTSuccessful embolization and follow-up markers
Javan et al[37], 2016Case seriesETCTUseful in comprehending difficult anatomical structures
Witowski et al[12,27], 2017Case reportPP, ETCTUseful for planning procedures like hepatic resection and for educational purposes.
Kuroda et al[15], 2017Case seriesPPCTSuccessful resection
Madurska et al[28], 2017Case reportPPCT, MRIAnatomical structures and lesions were clearly demonstrated
Oshiro et al[29], 2017Case reportPPCTThe surgical procedure was easier, and the visibility of small tumors was improved
Perica et al[17,30], 2017Case reportPPCTPossible benefit in preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance
Andolfi et al[31], 2017`Case reportPP ET, PEVRClearer observations of the relationship between the mass and blood vessels
Trout et al[46], 2017Case seriesPPCT, MRIA new technique to standardize hepatic sectioning was used
Weng et al[47], 2017Case reportPP, TPCT, MRIPositive comments from relatives and experts
Choi et al[43], 2017Cohort studyTPCT, USNo significant difference in tumor size was found between the CT images and 3D model measured with US
Bücking et al[44], 2017Case seriesTPCTHigh accuracy in fidelity
Igami et al[32], 2017Case reportPPCTThe 3D printed model was useful in determining the resection line
Yang et al[48], 2018Cohort studyPECTParental understanding of basic liver anatomy
Li et al[38], 2018RCTETCTThe 1st group, trained with the 3D printed model
Yang et al[39], 2018RCTETCTBetter understanding liver anatomy
Javan et al[40], 2018Case reportETCT, MRIAbscess drainage, artery embolization, and catheter placement procedures were well-exhibited
Tang et al[49], 2018Case reportVRCTNavigation was effective, although stability in tracking was not satisfactory