Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence in an Italian cohort of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: A multi-center retrospective analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of 83 patients with hidradenitis suppurative, Nonalcoholic fatty liver and Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and intercalsses charactersitics

	HS only	NAFLD	P value	NASH	P value	NAFL	P value
n	51	32		12		20
Age, mean(SD)	43.04 (8.9)	41.32 (9.0)	0.564	41.58 (7.4)	0.602	40.55 (10.3)	0.315
Age cat (%)			0.646		0.463		0.629
< 30	3 (5.9)	4 (12.5)		1 (8.3)		3 (15.0)
30-39	16 (31.4)	8 (25.0)		2 (16.7)		6 (30)
40-49	18 (35.3)	14 (43.8)		7 (58.3)		7 (35.0)
> 50	14 (27.5)	6 (18.8)		2 (16.7)		4 (20.0)
Male, n (%)	17 (33.3)	14 (43.8)	0.623	5 (41.7)	0.835	9 (45.0)	0.52
Diabetes, n (%)	12 (23.5)	9 (28.1)	0.853	3 (25.0)	0.764	6 (30.0)	0.794
BMI, mean(SD)	28.31 (2.5)	27.56 (1.9)	0.381	27.58 (2.7)	0.376	27.55 (1.7)	0.218
bmi_cat (%)			0.559		0.515		0.384
Normal Weight	4 (7.8)	4 (12.5)		2 (16.7)		2 (10.0)
Overweight	38 (74.5)	26 (81.3)		9 (75.0)		17 (85.0)
Obese	9 (17.6)	2 (6.3)		1 (8.3)		1 (5.0)
IHS4, mean(SD)	9.57 (3.6)	11.32 (2.8)	0.025	12.67 (3.6)	0.009	9.40 (3.9).	0.861
IHS4 cat (%)			0.028		0.007		0.97
Mild	5 (9.8)	3 (9.4)		1 (8.3)		2 (10.0)
Moderate	24 (47.1)	10 (31.3)		0 (0)		10 (50.0)
Severe	22 (43.1)	19 (59.4)		11 (91.7)		8 (40)
Hurley (%)			0.494		0.197		0.785
1	5 (9.8)	3 (9.4)		1 (8.3)		2 (10.0)
2	24 (47.1)	6 (18.8)		1 (8.3)		5 (25.0)
3	22 (43.1)	23 (71.9)		10 (83.3)		13 (65.0)
Elevated_liver_enzymes, n (%)	19 (37.3)	9 (28.1)	0.617	4 (33.3)	0.998	5 (25.0)	0.482
ADDI_score, mean(SD)	2.55 (1.4)	3.72 (1.8)	< 0.001	5.33 (2.2)	< 0.001	2.75 (1.6)	0.603
Inflammatory comorbidities, n (%)	2 (3.9)	12 (37.5)	< 0.001	7 (58.3)	< 0.001	5 (25.0)	0.025
In detail (%)			0.001		< 0.001		0.047
Acne conglobata	1 (2.0)	0 (0)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Crohn disease	0 (0)	2 (6.3)		1 (8.3)		1 (5.0)
Lichen sclerosus	1 (2.0)	0 (0)		0 (0)		0 (0)
PASH	0 (0)	5 (15.6)		4 (33.3)		1 (5.0)
Psoriasis	0 (0)	2 (6.3)		1 (8.3)		1 (5.0)
Spondyloarthritis	0 (0)	2 (6.3)		1 (8.3)		1 (5.0)
Uveitis	0 (0)	1 (3.1)		0 (0)		1 (5.0)
Positive ultrasound, n (%)	11 (21.6)	32 (100.0)	< 0.001	12 (100.0)	< 0.001	20 (100.0)	< 0.001
NASH	0 (0)	12 (37.5)	< 0.001	12 (100.0)		0 (0)
NAFL	0 (0)	20 (62.5)	< 0.001	0 (0)		20 (100.0)

ADDI: Autoinflammatory disease damage index; BMI: Body mass index; HS: Hidradenitis suppurativa; IHS4: International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Scoring System, NASH: NonAlcoholic SteatoHepatitis, NAFL: NonAlcoholic Fatty Liver, PASH: Pyoderma gangrenosum, Acne, and hidradenitis suppurativa; SD: Standard deviation. Normal weight: 18.5–24.9 kg/m², Overweight: 25–29.9 kg/m² Obese: >29. 9 kg/m².