Intraperitoneal rupture of the hydatid cyst: Four case reports and literature review

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of four patients with hydatid cyst perforation

Parameters	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3	Case 4
Age	44	37	27	40
Gender	Male	Male	Female	Female
Cause of perforation	Spontaneous	Trauma	Spontaneous	Trauma
Clinical presentation	Pain (sudden)	Pain (sudden)	Pain (sudden)	Pain (sudden)
	Hypotension	Hypotension	Hypotension	Anaphylaxis
	Anaphylaxis	Anaphylaxis		Not clear
Serology	ELISA IgG (+)	ELISA IgG (+)	Negative	Negative
History of HD	Known	Unknown	Unknown	Known
Cyst location	Liver (Bilobar)	Spleen	Liver (Bilobar)	Liver (Bilobar)
		Retroperitoneum
		Retrovesical
Perforated cyst location	Liver (VI)	Spleen	Liver (III)	Liver (II-VI)
Cysts size (mm)	165 × 100 × 80	50 × 45	80 × 75	110 × 85
	130 × 100 × 95	50 × 40	40 × 10	30 × 25
	85 × 70 × 65	60 × 50
Preop antihelmintic	ALBZ (1 mo)	No	No	ALBZ (? mo)
Postop antihelmintic	ALBZ (6 mo)	ALBZ (2 mo)	ALBZ (2 mo)	ALBZ (2 mo)
Diagnostic tools	US + CT	US	US + CT	CT
Surgical approach	Partial Cystectomy+	Splenectomy+	Partial Cystectomy+	Partial Cystectomy+
	CBD exploration+	Retroperitoneal+	Omentopexy	Omentopexy
	T-tube insertion+	Retrovesical
	Omentopexy	Cystectomy
Recurrence	Yes	No	No	No
Postop complication	Liver abscess	Bleeding	No	Liver abscess
Follow up (mo)	80	34	25	36

HD: Hydatid disease; ALBZ: Albendazole; US: Ultrasonography; CT: Computed tomography; CBD: Common bile duct.