Preoperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing liver resection: A prospective randomized trial

Table 3 Total lymphocyte and white cell counts over the pre-and postoperative periods in patients who received either immunonutrition or standard care preoperatively

	Preoperative		Postoperative					P value1
	Study entry	Day-1	POD 1	POD 3	POD 5	POD 10	POD 30	Group	Time	Group×time
Total lymphocytes (x109/L)
IMN group	1.41 ± 0.13	1.54 ± 0.12	0.93 ± 0.09	0.96 ± 0.10	0.95 ± 0.09	1.19 ± 0.09	1.47 ± 0.13	0.091	< 0.001		0.575
STD group	1.66 ± 0.16	1.78 ± 0.13	1.12 ± 0.15	1.21 ± 0.09	1.07 ± 0.13	1.38 ± 0.12	1.47 ± 0.10
White cell count (x109/L)
IMN group	5.80 ± 0.60	7.05 ± 0.78	12.78 ± 1.10	9.81 ± 1.29	7.40 ± 0.91	12.28 ± 2.27	6.80 ± 0.86	0.416	< 0.001		0.201
STD group	6.86 ± 0.83	6.75 ± 0.54	12.79 ± 1.32	8.99 ± 0.77	9.65 ± 0.98	13.53 ± 1.63	7.40 ± 0.68

¹Repeated measures analysis using the linear mixed model. Data are mean ± SE. POD: Postoperative day; IMN: Immunonutrition; STD: Standard care.